Author Archives: David Henshaw

UK Bike/Rail Restrictions

UK Bike-rail Restrictions

UK Bike/Rail RestrictionsThis page lists UK bike-rail restrictions on rail and preserved rail. Folding bikes travel free and without restriction on all train services unless stated.
See Bikes on Trains Travel Guide. If you have any official or unofficial information on cycle carriage, please share it with us by email.

We strongly advise booking your bicycle in advance online if you can. You can currently do this with Great Western, South Western Railway, Trans-Pennine Express, Hull Trains and C2C. Virgin East Coast claims it will bring back bicycle bookings and we will update the information if they do. Most operators can sell tickets in any geographical area, so you don’t need to book the tickets with the company that operates the route your travelling on, but you MUST book a seat to reserve space for a bike.

Please note

  • National Rail has made a reasonable job of bringing together all the bicycle threads on its PlusBike pages
  • For cycling routes near stations, we’ve always suggested visiting Sustrans, where you could enter the station POSTCODE in a magic box and find all the associated cycle routes. The website now seems more leisure-orientated.
  • Barry Doe’s web pages are full of information, but hard to follow. His excellent National Rail map gives a clear picture of all UK operators and routes.

LATEST UPDATES:
Scotrail launches dedicated Class 153 bicycle carriages in Highlands
First Great Western rolling stock updates
APOLOGIES FOR THE SLOW UPDATES LATELY… DO KEEP US INFORMED OF CHANGES

 

Primary Rail Operators

Greater Anglia

Routes: London (Liverpool Street) – Essex, Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridgeshire
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick
No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles:cross
Before you do anything else, watch Greater Anglia’s excellent and informative little video on bike carriage. Up to four cycles are accepted on local trains, and the spacious long-distance trains accept six. Free reservations are obligatory on services to London, and if you’ve got one you can travel anywhere during the peak-time restrictions. Ticket holders also used to benefit from the GA/ETA cycle recovery scheme – if your cycle broke down or was stolen in Norfolk, Suffolk or Cambridgeshire, both you and the bike (subject to availability, of course) were recovered and taken to the nearest station. Not any more, sadly, but we think Anglia still runs its own reservation line from a call-centre in Norwich, so your call should be routed to someone who really knows the network.


RESTRICTIONS: Bicycles are barred at busy times on trains arriving in London (either Liverpool Street or Stratford) between 07.45 and 09.45 and departing London or Stratford between 16.30 and 18.30 Monday to Friday. But bicycles may be carried at any time north and east of Shenfield. (Note that GA’s publicity appears to show that bicycles are banned both inbound and outbound in both the morning and evening peaks, but this is not so. The ban is only with the commuter flow.)
There are restrictions in and out of Cambridge, Monday to Friday on services from Audley End to Ely in either direction between 07.45 and 08.45. But note that the ban is only with the commuter flow.

Tel: 0345 600 7245   Reservations: 08700 40 90 90


Arriva Trains Wales

Routes: Cardiff to West Wales, Manchester & Holyhead, plus local services throughout Wales
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Long-distance services carry two bicycles, and reservations are free, and strongly recommended. On local services around Cardiff and the Valleys (evolving into the Cardiff Metro), bicycles are carried free without booking, but ‘subject to space’, and there are some peak-hour restroctions, although ATW doesn’t appear to list them. Last we heard, bicycles were banned on trains arriving in Cardiff between 07.30 and 09.30 and departing 16.00 to 18.00 on Monday to Friday, and (unusually) on Saturday at slightly different times: arriving in Cardiff between 10.00 and 16.00 and departing between 15.00 and 18.00. This may all change when Arriva is given the boot during 2023

Tel: 0333 311 202   Reservations: 0870 9000 773

email: customer.relations@arrivatrainswales.co.uk



Caledonian Sleeper

Routes: London Euston overnight to Glasgow, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, Inverness and Fort William
Online Bookings: cross Not required for booking bicycles on the sleeper
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

As you can imagine, there is huge demand for carrying bicycles on the sleeper to Scotland, and booking is now compulsory. You must turn the handlebars sideways before boarding, and come equipped with a tool to do it. The bicycle space is in the seated carriage, of which there are several on the Highland train, so make sure you use the right one. If you do, the carriage stays with you to your destination except on the West Highland Fort William section, where the seated carriage goes to Inverness, so unless you are already in the seated carriage you have to wake up at 5am when the train reaches Edinburgh to move your bike to a new carriage. Because of this long complicated train formation, it’s not possible to board with a bike at Watford Junction or Dalwhinnie, because the platforms are too short.
Folding bike carriage is not well publicised, but the luggage restrictions follow the normal generous Conditions of Carriage rules, giving an allowance of two items measuring up to 30 x 70 x 90cm. Folder-wise, that means a Brompton should get the green light, as should the most compact Dahons, but nothing else really. Where to put it? Two Bromptons will fit in a two-berth cabin, but it’s a squeeze, and getting to the loo in the small hours can be an adventure. Don’t put the bike in the loo, because it might fall over and jam the door shut…not good. If you unhook the ladder to the top bunk, you can store one (and possibly two) Bromptons under the bottom bunk. According to Caledonian there are other luggage areas on the train and the attendent will show you, but they never seem to be available at the critical time.

Tel: 0330 060 0500



c2c

Routes: London Fenchurch Street – Southend Central & Shoeburyness
Online Bookings: tick
Folding bikes: tick Enclosed in a container or case
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

c2c welcome bicycles free of charge on services where they can be accommodated safely, but reservations are not possible. Bicycles are not permitted on weekday services that arrive in London between 07.14 and 09.30 or leave London between 16.30 and 18.34. If you plan to travel with a group of three or more cycles, please contact the Helpline.

Tel: 0345 601 4873


Chiltern

Routes: London Marylebone – Aylesbury, Oxford, Birmingham Snow Hill & Kidderminster
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

Bicycles are welcome on Chiltern Railways but not on trains arriving at London Marylebone or Birmingham Snow Hill between 07.45 and 10.00 or departing London Marylebone or Birmingham Snow Hill between 16.30 and 19.30 Monday to Friday. These restrictions apply to all intermediate stations and journeys. At other times, bicycles are carried free and without reservation. Chiltern has inherited the loco-hauled trains used by sister company Wrexham & Shropshire. These have room for around ten bikes, and they are now operating up to six of the Birmingham Moor Street to London Marylebone fast services. Does this mean Chiltern will relax its tough peak hour bike policy for these trains? We’re not sure, but do let us know.

Tel: 0345 600 5165 (information & telesales)


CrossCountry Trains

Routes: South & Southwest England to Northern England & East Scotland, and South Wales to the East Midlands & East Anglia
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles:  cross Not permitted

Virgin used to allow up to four bikes in the Voyager trains, but under CrossCountry the trains have been altered by replacing the shop in Coach D with a smaller cycle storage area, while the old cycle area has become a secure cupboard for the onboard trolley. Although there is actually room for three, but CrossCountry will only take reservations for up to two, leaving one free on a turn-up-and-go basis. CrossCountry has a bit of a history of aggressively expelling cyclists from trains, even where they have reservations, so do beware. CrossCountry also uses a few older (and much better) High Speed trains, which have very generous bicycle space, although in theory the strict rules still apply. CrossCountry services are often the key to longer journeys, and hard to avoid without a diversion via London.
A free advance reservation is ‘compulsory for most journeys’ says CrossCountry vaguely.
TIP: Avoid CrossCountry altogether if you possibly can. Their fares are so ludicrously high it’s usually cheaper to travel via London

Tel: 0844 811 0124
email: customer.relations@crosscountrytrains.co.uk


East Midland Trains

Routes: London St Pancras – East Midlands & South Yorkshire, plus Liverpool – Norwich cross country and East Midlands local routes
Online Bookings:  cross
Folding bikes: tick Unrestricted, but bikes must fit into luggage racks
Tandems, tricycles and trailers:  cross

Reservations are compulsory on long-distance services, but not available on local trains, where the rule is two bikes per train on a first-come, first-served basis. The company enforces this rule on all its trains, including Meridian trains, which offer more bicycle space, and some newly shorted HST sets which offer NO bike spaces. On all other trains, the two-bikes rule is strictly enforced, and you must now book in advance, and we’re told that bookings will not be accepted into or out of London at peak times, but there does not seem to be an actual ban.

Interesting point: EMT very fairly points out that it is unable to carry tandems or tricycles on the East Midlands Connect services, but claims they cannot be squeezed into Mainline services too and from London.

To make a reservation, you have to apply to a staffed station, use the telephone number below, or use the EMT website, but that seems to require some sort of log-in. No idea how that works.

Reservations: 08457 125 678 or try cycle.reservation@eastmidlandstrains.co.uk


Eurostar

Routes: London St Pancras International, Stratford International, Ebbsfleet International & Ashford International to Paris, Brussels, Lille, Avignon*
Online Bookings: tick For Eurostar services only
Folding bikes: tick Officially folders must be bagged, but very compact machines will fit in the overhead racks. However, Eurostar has been making life more difficult for regular commuters lately by forcing them to put their bikes through the full security procedure.
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted, but tandems which split or break apart are. If you can reduce your tandem to 200cm long and pack it as a single item it goes as a bike.

If you don’t mind dismantling your bike and squeezing it into a bag measuring 120cm x 90cm (the accepted dimension for large luggage items on most European long distance trains) a conventional bike can be packed down and carried on Eurostar. If you prefer to keep the wheels on and your hands clean, you’ll have to pay £20 and travel with the Eurodespatch service. The maximum length is 200cm and since 2008 Eurostar has operated a booking system (opening 10 days prior to departure) to put the bike on the same train as you (only London to Paris & Brussels). Bikes should be checked-in at least 60 minutes before departure.

Tips – nip up the platform with your receipt at journey’s end, and you can claim the bike back directly off the train when it is unloaded, to save the time, worry and hassle of getting it back from the Eurodespatch office. An on-spec service (delivery within 24 hours) is also available for the same price, and serves Lille, but there’s no guarantee when, or indeed if, your bicycle will turn up.
A useful tip if travelling further afield by high speed train is to change at Lille Europe if possible, rather than Paris, as many long-distance services stop in Lille, some offer a cross-platform change.
Cycling between termini in Paris is rather like London – about the same distances, and with similar traffic levels. It can potentially save you an hour on your journey, enabling you to catch the preceding (hourly) TGV service.
The Eurodespatch service is not available from Ebbsfleet, Ashford, Stratford, and le Frethun, Avignon, and other less-used/seasonal stopping points.
If you’re planning to use Eurostar to cross the Channel, it might make more sense to travel by bike or domestic rail services to Folkestone and catch a Channel Tunnel Shuttle train instead. Sadly, you can’t drive on yourself like the motorists, but the arrangement is that you are collected from your local hotel, and the bikes are placed in a trailer, while you and your luggage ride in a minibus. Up to six bikes can be taken, but you do have to give 48 hours notice. www.eurotunnel.com/uk/traveller-info/vehicles/bicycles/

Tel: 08705 850850 or 0844 822 5822
email: new.comments@eurostar.co.uk?

Eurostar ‘Bikes on Trains’ page


Govia Thameslink

Routes: Brighton – Gatwick Airport – London – Luton Airport Parkway – Bedford (cross-London services), London (Kings Cross & Moorgate) – Stevenage, Cambridge, Peterborough & Kings Lynn
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick At peak times, big-wheeled folding bikes are banned, and smaller folding bikes may need to be folded at the ticket barriers 
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Govia Thameslink (confusingly branded as Great Northern Thameslink or even Thameslink & Great Northern) is now forcing folding bike customers to fold their bikes before passing through the barriers (see also attempts by Southern and Southeastern). The company claims that this has always been the rule, but it has not previously been enforced. Owners of Bromptons and other folding bikes that can be wheeled should bear in mind that they ARE allowed to wheel the bike on its rollers. Whatever the man on the barrier might say, there is no actually compulsion to CARRY the bike. And in June 2015, we head that the company had tightened the screw by banning folding bikes with wheels bigger than 20-inches. This currently only applies during peak-hours, and may be patchily enforced.

Thameslink is happy to carry bicycles between Bedford and Luton Airport Parkway inclusive at any time. Elsewhere, the company cannot carry bicycles on trains travelling towards London (if boarding at or south of Stevenage or Hertford North) that arrive in London stations between 07.00 and 10.00 (Monday-Friday), or on trains travelling away from London departing from Zone 1 London stations between 16.00 and 19.00 (Mon-Fri). Cyclists are asked to use the section of the train with tip-up seats, identified by a cycle symbol on the outside of the train. Interestingly, Thameslink does not mention that bikes are now banned in and out of Brighton at peak times (see Southern entry). Other restrictions:

  • Monday to Friday on services departing Waterbeach or Ely towards Cambridge between 07.45 and 08.45 Monday-Friday
  • Any time between Drayton Park & Moorgate (this doesn’t apply to folding bikes of 20-inch wheels or below)

Tel: 0845 026 4700


Great Western

Routes: London Paddington – Bristol, Reading, Oxford, South Wales, the Cotswolds & the West, plus local West Country services
Online Bookings: tick
Folding bikes: tick Folding bikes are defined as having wheels with a maximum size of 20-inches. Larger wheeled folders will be treated as normal bikes
Tandems and tricycles: tick Tandems  are permitted on High Speed Trains only

LONG-DISTANCE SERVICES: Advance reservations are free, and can be made up to two hours before the train begins its journey, or before 18.00 the day before if the train starts before 10.00. Reservations are now obligatory again, following withdrawal of the HST125 High Speed Trains, as all long-distance rolling stock is new. Space is superficially adequate, but you now have to hang your bike, so if it’s heavy, remove panniers etc, and you might want to get someone to help.
In theory the bike spaces are in Carriage B and/or H, but watch out, because trains are often formed of two five-coach units, and you can’t get between the two. To maske matters much worse, software glitches mean that reservations and even carriage letters can be WRONG, or even evaporate en route.
Oddly, you can relax more on local trains. Short formation Castle Class trains of  four or five carriages from the old HST rolling stock have taken over some busy local routes, and space for bikes is much more generous than with the two- and three-car  trains you might be expecting. Everyone seems to love these trains, but they will always be thin on the ground.
The West Country is also receiving the roomier Thames Turbo units displaced from Thames valley services. These have lots more room for people and bikes, but there are still many less generously proportioned old units around on various routes.

COMMUTER SERVICES: On the approaches to Paddington, rhe new electric trains are longer, and generally more spacious, and bikes can be carried on all off-peak services in the carriage vestibules, provided they do not inconvenience other customers. However, on Mondays to Fridays, bicycles may not be carried on trains advertised to arrive at London Paddington between 07.45 and 09.45 or to depart Paddington between 16.30 and 19.00.

Tel: 08457 000 125


Hull Trains

Route: London Kings Cross – Grantham, Doncaster, Selby, Brough & Hull
Online Bookings: tick
Folding bikes: tick No Restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Hull Trains welcomes cycles on all services, and the free advance reservation is no longer obligatory, but is still recommended. Up to two bicycles can be carried in the Train Manager’s Office in coach ‘D’. Please ring 0845 710 222 (08.00-22.00 Monday to Friday, 08.00-18.30 Weekends and Bank Holidays) to book.
Tel: 0345 0710 222


Trans-Pennine Express

Routes: Manchester Airport – North East, North West and Scotland
Online Bookings: tick
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Like many railway companies, TPE has had to bring in bike restrictions to square the circle between increased traffic and limited rolling stock availability (made much worse by the current government cancelling electrification). Bicycles are now banned – presumably network-wide and only on weekdays – from 07.00 to 09.00 and 16.00 to 19.00. Space is very restricted at other times, with only two bikes allowed on most trains, but they travel free. Reservations are now obligatory, and must be made at least 24 hours in advance. The Scottish services are best avoided with or without a bike as they can be very busy. Despite massive growth in passenger traffic and tightening up of bike carriage rules, folding bikes are still welcome on TPE (arguably more so), provided the bike is folded and placed in luggage racks or behind the seat backs.
New trains are being introduced almost everywhere, but we still have little information on space, although in general, trains are longer and more roomy, so if you’ve travelled before, you may find life easier.

Tel & Reservations: 0345 600 1674


Grand Central Trains

Route:  Kings Cross – Yorkshire, Hartlepool, Sunderland
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles:  tick Tandems welcome

‘Cyclists are welcome!’ Grand Central used to say, but they’ve become less welcoming. The fleet of older High Speed Trains used to carry up to six bikes in the ‘country end’ power car, but for reasons of its own, the company now says only four bikes are carried, two at each end (yes, a long run if you go to the wrong end). Newer trains have three cycle spaces in coach B.
Short platforms at Eaglescliffe, Thirsk and Hartlepool mean that guards will put cycles to and from these destinations at the London end of the train. Surely that means the true capacity is 12 bikes? Well, yes it does, and the same applies to all other HST’s, but no operators seem willing to exploit the space in these trains to the full. Grand Central went to some lengths to say it welcomed tandems and trailers (not exceeding one metre in any dimension), but this has also gone very quiet, athough in practise, as above, space is not an issue.

Tel: 0845 603 4852


Heathrow Connect (London)

Route: London Paddington – local stations to Heathrow Airport
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Heathrow Connect now limited bicycles to one per train, with standard Paddington peak time restrictions on weekdays: bicycles are banned from trains departing Heathrow between 07.30 and 10.00, or departing Paddington between 16.30 and 19.00. Expect everything to change when Crossrail starts running.

Tel: 0345 700 0125
email: queries@heathrowconnect.com


Heathrow Express (London)

Route: London Paddington – fast to Heathrow Airport
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick Plenty of luggage space for folding bikes. Compact machines fit the overhead racks
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

As with Heathrow Connect, there is now officially only one cycle space on Heathrow Express trains, even though the company formally allowed a minimum of three. Peak hour bans are as for Heathrow Connect.
As the single space will generally be offered to cyclists catching flights, anyone else will be lucky to get on board even off-peak, unless they have a folder of course. The folding bike rules are tighter than the national conditions, the maximum dimension being limited to length breadth height = not more than 158cm. If your bike exceeds this (and in theory at least, even the most compact bike will), or you need help putting it on, or it takes up a seat, your bike will liable to a full passenger fare. Heathrow Express also makes a point of banning all ‘powered vehicles’ except wheelchairs. Cyclists not travelling onwards by air may use the service to travel free between terminals at the airport, subject to space being available for airline passengers.
This can be useful, because it’s cheaper to take a local train to Feltham (for Terminal 4) or Hayes & Harlington (other Terminals) cycle into the airport, and use Heathrow Express/Connect if you need to transfer to another terminal. Taxis and other motorised traffic are allowed to share the long cycle tunnel from the Hayes direction, but they’ll just have to queue, won’t they?

Tel: 0345 600 0650
email: queries.hex@airexp.co.uk


Island Line

Route: Isle of Wight only
Online Bookings: tick You will be taken to the South Western Railway web pages
Folding bikes: tick No Restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

The smallest, friendliest and most reliable railway company in the UK, until recently Island Line operated aging Underground trains on the Isle of Wight. Up to four bicycles can be carried free and without booking at the Shanklin end of all trains, subject to the discretion of the guard. In practice, the number carried off-peak is sometimes much greater. A very entertaining ride, but what a shame the line doesn’t still go through to Ventnor…that WOULD be useful for cyclists.

Tel: 0845 6000 650
email: comments@island-line.co.uk


London Midland

Routes: London Euston – Birmingham, Birmingham – Liverpool and local services in the West Midlands
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No Restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Cycles are carried free of charge on all off-peak services. Restrictions apply Monday to Friday 07.00 to 09.59 on services to London Euston and 16.00 to 18.59 on services leaving London. The company also ‘recommends’ avoiding Birmingham at peak times, which is very sensible advice.
Tel: 0844 811 0133


London North Eastern Railway Formerly East Coast, Formerly Virgin Trains East Coast

Routes: London Kings Cross – Yorkshire – North East England – Scotland
Online Bookings: cross Will the nationally-owned east coast operator bring them back?
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: tick We think tandems are still permitted (subject to length restrictions), and tricycles still seem to be unofficially tolerated

16th May 2018 was a red-letter day for the railways of the UK! Virgin was chucked off the East Coast franchise, and ever since, the line and all its branches and links are being run by the state. We’re told this will mean no changes in contact details or bike carriage rules in the short term, so expect everything to stay the same for now.
Since privatisation in the 1990s, the East Coast has been a relatively good route for bicycle carriage. Virgin brought in rather stricter rules, magically reducing bike spaces on diesel High Speed Trains from five to three, although the electric trains still carry five.
Advance reservations are compulsory and spaces must be reserved in advance, although you can now book space as little as ten minutes before departure at a booking office or travel centre. Bike carriage arrangements are a bit unusual, and its very important to know whether you’re catching a diesel train or an electric train (if you don’t find out in advance, the electrics shouldn’t(!) emit any smoke, and make a loud cooling fan noise rather than a chuggy noise). In electric trains the cycle space is in the guards office at the London (first class) end of the train. With diesel trains, the bicycle space is in coach B at the OTHER end of the train – ie, nearest to Edinburgh. Either way, there should be platform staff to help wherever you board or alight, and they will help you load the bike… this is not a DIY operation. Make sure to get yourself down the train to the door nearest the bike on arrival, or you will hold everything up and get shouted at.
Some platforms on this 400 mile railway line are short, so before travelling you need to know the type of train, and the length of the platform.
Virgin Trains East Coast inherited East Coast’s on-line cycle reservation scheme, but changed its web booking system, which may well return.
Tandems are allowed, but subject to a length restriction, and they count as two bikes, which is a bit unfair.

Tel: 03457 225 225


LONDON (TfL Services only)

Transport for London has been busy integrating the rules for its diverse network of underground and overground railways in the capital. Broadly speaking, bicycles banned outright in some areas and allowed in others, outside of Monday to Friday peak-hours: 07.30 to 09.30 and 16.00 to 19.00. Folding bikes are allowed everywhere at all times. All the details can be found on the excellent Transport for London web pages.

Docklands Light Railway (London)
Routes: Light rail network throughout East London
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick Enclosed in a container or case
Tandems, trailers and tricycles:  cross Not permitted

Until recently only folding bikes were carried on the DLR, and they needed to be ‘totally enclosed in a cover’, but following a successful trial, full-size bikes are now allowed on the DLR system throughout on weekends and Bank Holidays, and before 07.30, between 09.30 and 16.00 and after 19.00 Monday to Friday.

Tel: 0207 222 1234
email: cservice@dlr.co.uk


London Overground
Routes:
Most local rail services in and around London
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick
Welcome everywhere at all times
Tandems, trailers and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Bicycles are banned on the entire Overground network on Monday to Friday from 07.30 to 09.30 and 16.00 and 19.00. The only exception is trains on the Liverpool Street towards Chingford, Cheshunt and Enfield Town where bikes are allowed to travel contraflow in the peak: out from London between 07.30 and 09.30, and into London between 16.00 and 19.00. Elsewhere there is a temporary ban between South Tottenham and Barking while electrification work progresses (very slowly). Opening of the Elizabeth cross-rail line is likely to cause a few changes.

Tel: 0845 6014867


London Underground
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick
Must be folded. It is advisable to cover the bike whilst on the Underground, although this is not a regulation, and the folded bike must measure less than two metres long
Tandems, trailers and tricycles: cross Not permitted

The Underground network is divided into two areas. Bikes are banned at all times from the central area bounded by (but not including) the Circle line, plus some other places outside the central area, and sometimes a long way out: Piccadilly services in the Heathrow airport complex and throughout the central zone from Barons Court to Oakwood (just about everywhere in practise), the entire Northern line south of East Finchley and Golders Green, Jubilee services between Finchley Road and Canning Town, Bakerloo south of Queen’s Park, Central services from White City to Leyton, the entire Victoria line,  Waterloo & City, and a few other isolated pockets. Elsewhere, bicycles are allowed everywhere at all times other than during the standard peak-hour banned period.

Tel: 0207 222 1234


Other services: Croydon tram network, Emirates cable car, river boats
Surprisingly, bicycles are allowed on the Emirates Air Line cable cars at any time. Also rather surprisingly, bicycles are banned from the entire Croydon tram network.

Tel: 0207 222 1234 (Underground) or 0845 6014867 (Overground)



 


Merseyrail

Routes: Local services around Liverpool and the Wirral
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: Unknown

Cycles are carried free at any time, space permitting, and the company reserves the right to impose restrictions at busy times.Tel: 0151 702 2071


Northern Rail

Routes: Local services in Northern England
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: Unknown

Northern is working hard to encourage people to cycle to and from its nearly 500 stations, but space on trains is limited, especially at peak times, so the recent emphasis has been on cycle parking. Leeds Station briefly had a ‘Cycle Point’ offering Dutch style bike parking, hire, repair and cycle shop, but this welcome facility closed in 2018. So far, despite the very limited space (officially two bikes per train), there are no bike bans on services and staff are encouraged to be helpful, though there may still be problems on peak hour trains, and watch out for the busier leisure routes. Caution should be exercised when taking bikes to popular cycling destinations like Delamere Forest, the Peak District, Settle to Carlisle, and others. Allow yourself an alternative train in case everyone else fancies using your planned train! As elsewhere, folded bikes are not restricted, and this might be a better answer if you travel regularly. Having said that, one commuter using the Shipley/Bradford/Ilkley corridor into Leeds (admittedly just after the peak) say guards are mostly pretty reasonable as long as cyclists use their commonsense.
Caution is required if traveling too and from local stations on the Manchester to Huddersfield line. These formerly Northern-served stations  are now mostly served by Trans-Pennine Express, which has just introduced compulsory bike reservations booked 24 hours in advance

Tel: 0845 000 0125   Reservations: 0845 600 8008
email: customer.relations@northernrail.org


Southeastern

Routes: London – Kent & South East England
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions, but despite having relaxed its stance on folding bikes on the platforms, the rules have just been tightened up again. According to SouthEastern, cyclists were abusing the rules by riding their folding bikes on the platform (even, it is claimed, falling onto the tracks) and putting the bikes unfolded onto busy trains. This all seems very unlikely when such issues are almost unknown elsewhere, but the result is that folding bikes must now (technically at least) be carried at all times on stations operated by SouthEastern, although the only place this rule is seriously enforced seems to be Cannon Street.
There is, however, a glimmer of hope. If, for whatever reason, you find it impossible to carry your bike any distance, SouthEastern says its Customer Services department will issue you with a letter that can be shown to platform staff. The intention is that you will then be allowed to wheel your bike to the train, but whether this works in practise remains to be seen. The anti-folder rule and exemption letter are still very new, so some staff may cheerfully wave folders through, others will demand they be carried, and a very small number will know that exemptions are allowed. A recipe for chaos… do keep us informed.
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Cycles are carried free, without booking, on all services except those timed to arrive in London between 07.00 – 09.59, or to depart 16.00 – 18.59 Monday to Friday. These rules apply on any part of the journey, with the following exceptions: Subject to space, you may board peak time trains beyond Gillingham, Otford or Tonbridge, if travelling to stations in East Sussex or Kent.Tel: 0845 000 2222


ScotRail

Routes: Most services in Scotland  (but no longer for London Euston – Scotland sleepers – see Caledonian Sleepers)
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick Enclosed in a container or case
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Cycles are carried free on all ScotRail services, but space is limited (ScotRail aim to provide between two and eight spaces per train), so free reservations are essential on long-distance trains to Inverness, Aberdeen, Stranraer, the West Highlands and Far North.
In the summer months for the last few years, a special road vehicle has carried cycles between Inverness and Wick/Thurso, but with an increase to four daily trains, and at least four bike spaces on each, this is no longer required.
We’re glad to see that the reservation number (08457 550033) takes you through to a real Scottish person in Fort William who actually knows the network and can see passing trains out of the window. First ScotRail has also teamed up with the ETA to provide a ‘get you home’ service. If you are unable to complete your journey by bike, due to an accident, vandalism or irreparable breakdown, you will be taken to your destination, the nearest Scotrail station, or the nearest Scottish city, if it’s late in the day. The service does not apply to the islands! All you need to do is phone 08000 717 212 and give details of your valid rail ticket. From February 2009, Scotrail became the first UK railway company to officially sanction the carriage of electric bicycles on its trains. Great news in a hilly country.
A fascinating that launched in 2020 is a dedicated bicycle carriage on the West Highland line from Glasgow to Oban, Fort William and Mallaig, and possibly also the Kyle of Lochalsh line, and the Far North line  from Inverness to Thurso and Wick. The intention is to utilise single-car Class 153 diesel units, which promises to make the carriage of bicycles and other outdoor sports equipment much easier in the future.

Tel: 0845 601 5929   Reservations: 08457 550033
email: scotrailenquiries@firstgroup.com


Southern (now incorporating Gatwick Express)

Routes: London – Surrey, Sussex & South East England
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick Folding bikes are carried free of charge without restriction, but since 2006, folding bikes ‘bigger than a Brompton’ have occasionally been turned away and Brompton owners forced to fold their bikes at the barrier and carry them to the train, particularly at London Bridge, Victoria and Brighton. This tough line appeared to have been dropped, but folding bike owners have reported continuing problems at London Bridge. If you find yourself a victim of this discriminatory policy, please report it to Southern in writing, giving the time, station, and if possible the name of the offending employee.
Tandems and tricycles: Unknown

Who’d travel on Southern for ANY reason in 2017? Be very cautious with a bicycle because some routes are seeing daily multiple cancellations with patchy road replacement, and serious overcrowding on other services.
A ‘limited number’ of cycles are carried free on all services except on trains due to arrive into London Victoria, London Bridge or Brighton between 07.00 and 10.00, or due to depart from London stations or Brighton between 1600 and 1900 on Mondays to Fridays. Reservations for cycles are not required. Former Gatwick Express services now run through to Brighton, and have considerable luggage capacity, but are bound by the same peak hour rules as other Southern services.

Tel: 08451 272920


South Western Railway

Routes: London Waterloo – South West London and South West England
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick May be carried at any time, free of charge, provided they ‘can be stowed as luggage’.
Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

Formerly a haven for cyclists, the South West Trains area has seen increasing restrictions as new trains are introduced. Currently space is limited on trains from Waterloo to Salisbury/Bristol, Exeter and Plymouth; between Reading and Brighton; between Totton and Romsey (via Southampton); and on most Waterloo to Southampton trains. Reservations are obligatory on all but some Waterloo to Southampton trains, but booking is now free.
Note, however, that there are some odd anomalies with SWT’s discount ‘Megatrain’ tickets. You sometimes wonder if they put restrictions on these things just to differentiate the product from the full-fare job. Megatrain tickets have previously not included bicycle carriage on the busy Southampton or Portsmouth routes, even on a train where bicycles are welcome. The Megatrain website now makes a point of clarifying that bicycles ARE allowed from Waterloo to Southampton/Weymouth and Waterloo to Havant/Portsmouth. (It adds that bicycles are banned on Megatrain tickets on East Midlands Trains and Virgin Trains, which doesn’t concern us here). A few other specifics:

LONDON SUBURBAN AREA: Bicycles are banned from boarding trains trains due to arrive at Waterloo from 07.15 to 10.00, or depart Waterloo between 16.45 and 19.00 Monday to Friday (note the slightly extended ban duration) within the suburban area bounded by Dorking, Reading, Hook, Alton and Guildford (previously Woking). A ‘nod and a wink’ policy existed for many years on the ground, and bikes were usually allowed aboard at the guard’s discretion, but this no longer seems to be the case. There is now also an OUTWARD BOUND ban on trains leaving Clapham Junction between 07.45 and 09.00 Monday-Friday, as far as Clapham Junction, Strawberry Hill and Feltham.

LONDON-SALISBURY-EXETER: Bike space can vary from two upwards, and as a rule, longer trains on longer journeys will convey more bicycles.

LONDON-GUILDFORD-PORTSMOUTH & LONDON-SOUTHAMPTON-WEYMOUTH: These lines are now worked by Class 444 (5 car) and Class 450 (4 car) trains. The Class 444 offers six cycle spaces situated in the 3rd and 4th coaches (counting from 1st class, which is almost always at the London end), and a 10-coach train will have double the space. Cycles must not be placed in the disabled space, in the door areas (except by agreement with the guard), or behind the drivers door. The shorter Class 450 officially offers only two bike spaces, but with careful positioning three or fours can be squeezed in, and the guard will usually allow this, provided the gangways are not obstructed. The only exceptions to these rules are when travelling too or from three stations with short platforms – Bedhampton (London-bound platform), Beaulieu Road and Shawford. Cycles should usually be placed in the first door of the 2nd carriage in the direction of travel.

South West Trains Cycle Restrictions Map (PDF)

Tel: Reservations: 0845 6000 650

email: via web site


Translink (Northern Ireland)

Routes: RAIL & BUS SERVICES – Belfast – Larne, Bangor, Derry & Cross-border Enterprise trains to Dublin
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Tandems and motorised bicycles are not permitted on trains or road coaches.

Hold on… why does Northern Ireland have a fully integrated bus and rail system while we have to put up with all this privatisation nonsense on the mainland? You’ll have to ask your MP.
Bikes are carried on all long-distance Goldline Express Coaches, and all trains, but not before 09.30 on weekdays. Trains generally carry four bicycles, while coaches carry two. Bikes travel free on all services, but note that the reservation system has been discontinued, so carriage is on a strictly, first-come first-served basis. Large groups are advised to contact Translink in advance and discuss their requirements. A template for all UK transport operators surely?

Tel: 028 9066 6630

Irish Rail (Republic of Ireland)

Routes: Key routes south and west from Dublin, plus cross-border Enterprise trains to Belfast
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick
No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles: cross Not clear, but better assume not

Not quite the right section we know, but if travelling south of the border, please bear in mind that after the gradual change from carriages with guards vans to multiple unit trains, problems for cyclists have built up in the Republic of Ireland. The rules have been widely ignored, to the anger of rush-hour passengers, causing so many problems that Irish Rail has cracked down on offenders. Luckily the restrictions are very simple (an advantage of having one national operator). Bikes are not allowed on trains arriving in Dublin before 09.30 in the morning, and between 16.00 and 19.00 in the evening.
Bike space on Intercity services (effectively Cork-Dublin and Dublin-Belfast), and pre-booked bikes on the Cork-Dublin corridor are allowed on peak hour trains. That’s about all you have to remember for the whole country.

For full details and local gossip, see the bikes on trains page for campaign group Rail Users Ireland.


Valley Lines

(Now part of Arriva Trains Wales – see above)


Virgin Trains (West Coast)

Routes: London Euston – West Midlands, North Wales, North West England & Scotland
Online Bookings: cross
Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles:  tick  One is allowed on Pendolino trains

West Coast services carry up to four bikes, with a free compulsory advance reservation system.

TIP: To escape Virgin’s blood pressure-raising automated telephone booking system, say ‘agent’ at the start. This, we’re told, should put you through to a nice lady in Scotland.

TIP: When making a cycle booking, use 0871 977 4222 (10p/min), which costs a modest 10p/minute. Save time by saying ‘help with something else’ when the automated woman starts talking. But be warned – if you’re adding a cycle reservation to an existing ticket, the telephone staff will give you a reference number to present at the station. A cyclist has recently been turned away at Euston trying to board with the number only. Staff may insist on a bicycle reservation ticket… More than their jobs are worth, etc etc.

TIP: Virgin has a fleet of Voyager and Pendolino trains. Both carry a yellow rectangle on the front (or rear) at the opposite end to the bike space. This is usually at the ‘country’ (ie furthest from London) end of the train.

Tel: 0871 977 4222
email: customer.relations@virgintrains.co.uk


Virgin Trains East Coast
Formerly East Coast

SEE LONDON NORTH EASTERN RAILWAY


Private & Preserved Railways

National Rail Network Interchange Symbol indicates an interchange with the National Rail network.  If you’re interested in small railways, you might be interested in our magazine Miniature Railway!

Bluebell Railway

Routes: National Rail Network InterchangeEast Grinstead – Sheffield Park 
Gauge:
Standard – South from East Grinstead into delightful countryside

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions
Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

All trains have a guard’s van, and up to 20 bicycles (or smaller numbers of tandems or tricycles) can be conveyed without booking, at a charge of 50p (return) or 30p (single). Larger parties (up to 60 bikes) can be carried in a parcels van by special arrangement.

Tel: 01825 720800


 

Bodmin & Wenford Railway

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeBodmin Parkway – Bodmin – Boscarne Junction
Gauge:
Standard – the cross-platform connection at Bodmin Parkway eliminates a long hard climb into Bodmin

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

The Bodmin & Wenford Railway welcomes cyclists. Carriage of bikes, tandems and trikes is free of charge, although large parties are advised to book in advance.

Tel: 01208 73666


Bure Valley Railway

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeWroxham – Aylsham
Gauge:
15 inch

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

Like most of the narrow gauge railways, the Bure Valley is very accommodating. Trains carry up to four bicycles or two wheelchairs, but extra vans are available and can be marshalled into trains as required. Parties with up to 10 or 15 bikes can be carried with advance notice. If you’re travelling without a bike, you can hire one at Wroxham or Aylsham, ride beside the line on the traffic-free railway path and take the train back. There is a flat-rate cycle carriage fee of £2 per bike.

Tel: 01263 733858


East Kent

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeShepherdswell – Eythorne 
Gauge:
Standard – a delightful ride from nowhere to nowhere

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

All trains have a guard’s van, and bicycles of all kinds are carried without booking or restrictions.

Tel: 01303 893320


 

Ecclesbourne Valley

Routes: National Rail Network InterchangeDuffield – Idridgehay – Wirksworth – Ravenstor (for High Peak Trail)
Gauge:
Standard – a delightful ride from national metals into the Peaks

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

Now the line is reopened throughout, there is a passenger interchange at Duffield with National Rail services. The Ecclesbourne Valley provides a very useful link, bypassing a busy stretch of the B5023, and connecting the planned Derby City / Little Eaton cycleway with the High Peak Trail (Route 54). All trains have guard’s vans and bicycles and tandems are carried free of charge, although large groups are advised to book in advance. Tricycles are carried, provided they are able to pass through standard double guards van doors

Tel: 01629 823076


Ffestiniog Railway & Welsh Highland Railways

Routes:
Ffestiniog: Porthmadog -Minfford  National Rail Network Interchange-Blaenau FfestiniogNational Rail Network Interchange
Welsh Highland: Porthmadog-Beddgelert-Caernarfon

Gauge: 2 foot – the Minfford – Blaenau Ffestiniog link is useful, saving a 600 foot climb in the easterly direction!

Folding bikes: tick Carried without charge at the discretion of the guard   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

Porthmadog Harbour station serves both routes and is only 0.75-mile from the National Rail Network InterchangePorthmadog station. The Welsh Highland Line runs for 25 miles  through Snowdonia via Beddgelert, where there are some great forest tracks, and Dinas to Caernarfon, where the stations are adjacent to the Lon Eifion cycle way. Much of the Caernarfon to BangorNational Rail Network Interchange journey can be done on cycleways following the old railway line.
Bicycles are subject to a charge of £3.00 per journey. There is limited space on board for bicycles, so please phone in advance if possible to check with the booking office before travelling.

Tel: :01766 516024   Ffestiniog Travel: 01766 512400


 

Isle of Man Steam Railway

Routes: Douglas-Port Erin
Gauge: 3 foot

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

A delightful line. Bicycles are carried free of charge where a guard’s van is present and if there isn’t one and the train is ‘not too busy’ you can put the bicycle in the carriage anyway. A lesson there for Virgin et al.

Tel: 01624 663366


 

Isle of Wight Steam Railway

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeSmallbrook Junction – Wooton
Gauge: Standard – cross-platform connection with Island Line services

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

If used in conjunction with the Ryde to Shanklin Island Line trains, the Isle of Wight Steam Railway can be quite useful, avoiding hills and/or busy roads. No charge and no restrictions on bicycles, tricycles and tandems.

Tel: 01983 882204


Keighley & Worth Valley Railway

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeKeighley – Haworth – Oxenhope
Gauge:
Standard – This fairly short line is much more useful than it might appear, avoiding some unpleasant roads and steep gradients around Keighley.

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

All trains have a guard’s van, and bicycles are carried free without booking or restrictions. Larger groups are advised to book in advance for a second guard’s van to be added to the train.

Tel: 01535 645214


Kent & East Sussex

Routes: Tenterden – Bodiam
Gauge:
Standard – helpfully avoiding the busy A28

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

All trains have a guard’s van, and up to six bicycles are carried without booking or restrictions. Larger groups should book in advance. At present it’s not a hugely useful link, but if (or rather when) the line is reopened into Robertsbridge, there will be a cross-platform connection to London or Hastings

Tel: 01580 765155


Midland Railway – Butterley

Routes: Hammersmith-Butterley-Swanwick
Gauge:
Standard gauge

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles: tick No known restrictions

The Midland Railway-Butterley is welcoming to bikes on trains, although for safety reasons the main museum site requires cyclists to dismount. If ever a railway ran from nowhere to nowhere, this is it, but you might have a reason to take your bike with you. The trains are traditional 1950’s carriages with a guard’s and luggage compartment so there is more than enough room for cyclists, and staff are usually happy to help you getting on and off.

Tel: 01773 747674


Nene Valley Railway

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangePeterborough-Wansford
Gauge: Standard gauge – gets you through the dreadful urban sprawl of Peterborough

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

With the Peterborough ‘town’ terminus a kilometre from the national station, and a ‘country’ end in the middle of nowhere, the practical use for this line looks limited. But it carries you halfway to Oundle, and into open country past a network of unpleasant roundabouts.

Tel: 01780 784444


North Yorkshire Moors Railway

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeWhitby –National Rail Network InterchangeGrosmont -Pickering
Gauge:
Standard – the new services too and from Whitby are especially useful

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  tick No restrictions

All trains have a guard’s van, but space varies, so tandems, tricycles or cycling groups are advised to book in advance. Individual cyclists can usually turn up and travel, subject to space being available. The cycle carriage fee is £2 per day, covering any amount of travel, and tandems seem to travel for that price too.
Could it be better? You bet it could. The line needs to reopen onward from Pickering to Malton… you’d then be able to put your bike on a train in York, and get off in the heart of the North Yorkshire Moors.

Tel: 01751 473799


 

Paignton & Dartmouth Steam Railway

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangePaignton – Kingswear (for Dartmouth ferry)
Gauge:
Standard gauge – very useful for cyclists, saving a major climb and some busy roads

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

According to the Paignton & Dartmouth Railway, all trains have a converted coach as a guard’s van with a capacity of up to 100 bikes, so tricycles and tandems are welcome and booking is never required. The cycle carriage fee is £1 for each single journey.

Tel: 01803 555872


Ravenglass & Eskdale

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeRavenglass – Dalegarth
Gauge: 15 inch – the good news is that the railway carries you to the foot of the Hardknot Pass. The bad news? It doesn’t carry you over it.

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles: cross Not permitted

Bicycles are carried free, but space is very limited. However, open and closed wagons are available for the carriage of bicycles and can be marshalled into a train as required, but it’s a good idea to give 24 hours notice, particularly for larger groups. Bicycles are carried at the owner’s risk.

Tel: 01229 717171
email: rer@netcomuk.co.uk


Romney, Hythe & Dymchurch

Routes: Hythe – New Romney – Dungeness
Gauge:
15 inch – duplicates a Sustrans route, but certainly useful for getting too and from leisure rides on the marshes

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles: tick Technically restricted, but allowed!

Although a guard’s van is available on all trains, space is limited, with priority being given to passengers luggage, so pre-booking is essential. If booked in advance, up to four bikes can be carried in a second guard’s van by arrangement at a nominal 50p per bike. Folding bikes are carried free. We also have reports of tandems being carried… even two tandems, which National Rail would struggle to achieve!

Tel: 01797 362353


 

Severn Valley Railway

Routes: National Rail Network InterchangeKidderminster Town – Bridgnorth
Gauge:
Standard – a great way of getting clear of the Birmingham conurbation into open country

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

All trains have guard’s vans, but space varies and other luggage is given priority, so cycle space cannot be guaranteed. There are no booking arrangements – just turn up and enquire. Cycle carriage is now free, but bikes must be placed in the luggage areas. Groups of up to three or more cyclists can be catered for, but tandems and tricycles are not carried.

Tel: 01299 403816


Swanage Railway

Routes: National Rail Network Interchange Wareham, Norden (park & ride) – Corfe Castle – Swanage 
Gauge:
Standard, and now a really useful transport link

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

Now the railway has reopened through to Wareham, this line is extremely helpful, bypassing a busy and dangerous stretch of the A351. All trains have a guard’s van and bicycles and tandems are carried free of charge, although very large groups are advised to book space in advance. Tricycles are carried, provided they are able to pass through standard double guard’s van doors.

Tel: 01929 425800


 

Talyllyn Railway

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeTywyn – Abergynolwyn 
Gauge:
2 foot 3 inches – no strategic value, but a pleasant enough ride

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Best to make enquiries in advance!

The Talyllyn aims to provide space for up to two bicycles, but it’s a good idea to inform the railway of your intentions in advance, so that a suitable van can be provided, especially if traveling in a group. The fare is £4 for bicycles and £6 for tandems per single journey. Tricycles are not specifically banned, but space is very limited.

Tel: 01654 710472


Watercress Line (Mid-Hants)

Routes:National Rail Network InterchangeAlton – New Alresford 
Gauge:
Standard Gauge – duplicates a Sustrans route, and doesn’t really go anywhere, but a pleasant enough ride

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

All trains have guard’s vans (of various sizes!), so bikes, trikes and tandems are carried free and without restriction. Large parties are advised to book. Not a very useful link – if only it still linked through to Winchester!

Tel: 01962 733810


West Somerset Railway

Routes: Bishop’s Lydeard – Minehead
Gauge: Standard gauge – this line would be much more useful if services were restored over the last five miles from Bishop’s Lydeard to Taunton on the National Rail network. These are the busiest roads, unfortunately.

Folding bikes: tick No restrictions   Tandems and tricycles:  Unknown

Bicycles are not carried on the Taunton – Bishop’s Lydeard bus link. The West Somerset Railway carries bicycles, tricycles and tandems for a set fare of £1.00. There are no booking requirements, except for large parties.

Tel: 01643 704996
email: info@west-somerset-railway.co.uk 

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Bus Cuts in Rural Dorset

We’re not great bus users at A to B. For decades we’ve used folding bikes with public transport, but that generally means trains and the odd plane. Our only regular bus ride is the Number 31, now confusingly renumbered X51 to integrate better with the X53 Jurassic Coaster. But the X51 is an intercity express amongst rural bus services. It links big places, fills to standing room only in the summer and goes relatively fast (14mph average). It even starts and finishes at railway stations, and connects with trains in a rather loose sense. It is, in effect, a rail service on rubber wheels.

Dorchester South Station

The X51 from Dorchester South station is an intercity express amongst rural bus routes

Mind you, one sees the country buses nipping about. Usually they are little 30- or 40-seater jobs, and they’re generally blue, because our local network seems to be the monopoly of Damory these days. This looks and sounds like a local operator, but is actually part of the Go-Ahead group these days. The buses are either full of little old ladies, or empty, according to the tidal flow too and from market towns. That’s the picture in Dorset, but country buses follow a similar pattern throughout the land, and no doubt other lands too.

Evolution of a Network
The funding for these services is a bit opaque, but it used to be simple enough. Most originated as local buses run by local drivers, often as a useful sideline for the village garage, and the schedules were set long ago to suit local folk. When rural rail services started to melt away in the 1950s and ‘60s, the bus operators thought they were onto a good thing (beautifully played out in the Ealing comedy The Titfield Thunderbolt), but the loss of rail services tended to push rural folk into buying a car, and bus traffic rapidly dwindled.
Harold Wilson brought in a bus fuel subsidy in 1964, which rose to 100% of the duty payable until 1993, when Ken Clarke froze it, so the rate has effectively fallen since.
Since the 1960s, buses have been (briefly) nationalised, privatised, regulated and deregulated, resulting in endless turmoil. Transport Acts have come and gone, but the crucial one for rural buses was the 1985 Act which enabled local authorities to subsidize bus services where no commercial operator could be found and ‘where they think it appropriate’. This was ‘Toried up’ in the 2000 Act (yes, it was still a nominally Labour government) to stop local authorities from ‘inhibiting competition through subsidy’ and forcing them to apply the creepily Blairite criteria of ‘best value’ when making subsidy decisions.
The real shakeup came in 2001 when the same government introduced a half-fare scheme on local buses for the elderly and disabled, the scheme subsequently becoming free from 2006 and going nationwide from April 2008.

Bus Pass Mania
The bus pass scheme has been phenomenally successful, with some 80% of eligible rural users taking it up, but the annual cost in England had risen to £1.17 billion by 2013/14, or £120 for each of the 9.73 million card-holders. Of course, the political cost of introducing a phenomenally popular freebie is that no political party dares take it away again. There is talk of means testing to weed out impecunious middle class users, but the middle classes are a vociferous lobby group. Meanwhile, free-market types want to dispose of passes and subsidies altogether. Political suicide.
Surely all this free travel is good news for country buses? You’d think so, because the aim of the system is to increase passenger numbers while keeping the operator’s income broadly neutral, but the government doesn’t pay the full cost, and that has resulted in a considerable squeeze on hard-pressed local authorities.
Quite how the cash slithers down to local authority level and thus to the bus operators is a mystery to most ordinary folk. In England, the money comes from the Department for Communities & Local Government and is determined by a complex formula. We won’t get involved in the detail, but it seems the payments generally amount to some 45-65% of the fare, although Dorset is claimed to have the lowest reimbursement rate in the country, at just 36%.
In Scotland, the government pays bus operators directly at the rate of 60p in the pound, and in Wales the funding seems to be tied into the contracts for each service. Then there’s Mr Wilson’s fuel duty rebate, which has become the Bus Service Operator Grant, and again, varies area by area. Fuel accounts for about 10% of operator costs, which isn’t much, but on marginal, lightly used, services it can make the difference between profit and loss.
It’s clearly a complex and imperfect system. Popular routes are doing quite well, but the weaker ones receive very little from Whitehall, and the local authorities just don’t have the cash to top up the subsidies. Everyone seems to have a grumble, from bus passengers losing buses and routes, to local authorities forced to choose between buses and essential services.
Perhaps the daftest consequence of the bus pass/subsidy system is that operators have been deliberately closing marginal commercial services, forcing local authorities to put the services out to tender, then bidding for a subsidy to run something that had previously been profitable. With local authority finances under pressure, some of these routes have subsequently been cut back to one or two buses a day, or even one or two a week. The passengers all disappear, and a once-thriving service withers on the vine.

Inside of busFinding the Weekly Bus
Dorset has quite a network of subsidised buses, but by no means as many as some larger rural counties. Many routes were cut back or lopped off two years ago, and recent funding cuts have put another 27 at risk, resulting in the Bournemouth Echo headline ‘bus services cut to almost 100 villages’. Even if all the cuts go ahead, the impact will be less than the figures suggest, because the majority of these routes are already down to one bus a week, but huge areas will be left without public transport, and bus routes rarely reopen.
Some of these buses have been basket cases for years, but many were popular until quite recently, with a number seeing daily well-patronized services. As with some of the rail cuts in the Beeching era, you can’t help concluding that they have been ‘softened up’ for closure in advance of the coup de grâce.
We set out to try a few of the threatened routes, but catching such irregular buses can be tricky. The nearest to Dorchester is the 323, a solitary Monday bus from Buckland Newton, south to Piddletrenthide, east to Mappowder, west to Duntish (just two miles from its starting point), then north the wiggly way via Holwell to Sturminster Newton. As the crow flies that’s a trip of just over ten miles, taking perhaps 20-30 minutes by car, but the bus winds twice as far, taking 76 minutes, at an effective speed of 8mph. Yes, you could cycle to market much faster.
Why should the county council subsidize this absurd service? Well, Monday is market day in Sturminster, and as all country folk know, Stur does a very good market. A single weekly bus that takes a somewhat zig-zag course to town can be an effective way of reaching the greatest number of passengers for the smallest possible subsidy. It may be absurd, but it is a lifeline for many.
Deadlines being what they are, we couldn’t wait until Monday, so we chose the 368, which runs every Friday from Sturminster to Sherborne and Yeovil via such delightful parishes as Pidney and King’s Stag.
We’ll come back to the 368, because first we have to catch up with it by using one of the more favoured rural services, the X11. This sounds like something that might dock with the space station, but it’s actually a rural bus service from Dorchester to Sherborne and Yeovil via Cerne Abbas and Longburton. This is an important route, with six daily buses, carrying school children both ways, plus the inevitable smattering of blue rinse ladies. There are four buses on Saturdays too, and like all the most important routes it starts at Dorchester South railway station, which has developed into a successful bus/rail interchange.
And so, at 11.55am on a Friday, we buy return tickets to Sherborne from the driver of the Damory X11 at the South station. No-one else gets on the 40-seater bus here, but ten board on the high street, although most are travelling only two or three miles to outlying villages, and by Charlton Down – 25 minutes in – there are only four of us left. This is one of the problems in rural areas. The routes can be long, but the traffic is often very localized, so the bus runs near empty much of the time.Other problems include carelessly parked vans, suicidal lorry drivers, and some very narrow bridges, hence the reliance on dumpy Dennis Darts and Optare Solos, small buses that would normally be found in urban areas.
Leaving Cerne Abbas, there’s only one other passenger, but just the other side of the village at the Castle View Nursing Home (it offers views of the Giant’s whatsit, which must entertain the oldies), two brassy young East European women catch the X11 to get home after an early shift. This highlights another rural issue – there are jobs in the countryside, but unless you’re quite well off, you won’t find anywhere to live closer than Yeovil, a 30-minute bus ride away. If the bus goes, Castle View has to put its prices up.
There are few villages between Cerne and Sherborne, so we get up a bit of speed now, rattling up to 50mph or so on the straight, but indifferently surfaced roads. At 12.58pm we reach Sherborne station, a useful interchange for Exeter, Salisbury and London, and there’s just time to hop out for a cup of tea in the station caf.

One Bus a Week
Unlike Dorchester South, which sees some serious buses and coaches, Sherborne is the epicentre of a network of rural buses, including the busy little 74 that visits such places as Thornford, Yetminster and Chetnole (all with stations too, incidentally), plus a few oddities, such as the 42 (Gillingham to Yeovil, Tuesdays only) and the one we’re hoping to catch, the 368, linking Sturminster Newton, Sherborne and Yeovil on Fridays.

368 bus at Sherborne

The weekly 368 arrives at Sherborne Railway station

This is on the danger list, or at least the Friday-only daytime run is on the list, but it’s not shown as being up for closure, because there’s also a very early daily bus used primarily by students, which runs from Blandford to Yeovil, but doesn’t come back until after 6pm… a bit late for shops, schools or college you’d think. Oddly enough, this return service runs out of steam at Sturminster, so if you were to catch it from Blandford in the morning, you’d have to stop over in Stur on the way home, and wait for the once-daily 310 at 2.50pm the following day. We’re not kidding.
With this sort of frequency, you can’t afford to miss one, but happily a fellow traveller turns up for the 5th February bus and confirms that it’s due. The 368 used to be a busy route, he says, with several daily buses typically carrying 15 passengers into town, but the service was cut back without warning. ‘I turned up one morning three years ago, and it didn’t come’. What will he do if they cut this last tenuous link? ‘I’ll shop online. I already buy a few large items that way. But it’s nicer to get into town’.
The web is an issue of course. With the likes of the big supermarkets delivering cheaply to your door, and the world at your mouse fingertip, is there really any need to go into town? Transport planners and MPs should try living car-free in one of these villages to experience what isolation really means.
In the wilder corners of rural England, village shops, pubs and schools are more likely to survive, but in this more suburban rurality there’s an assumption that everyone has mobility. My fellow passenger lives at Alweston, just three miles from Waitrose in Sherborne. But if this bus goes, he might as well live on the moon. His village shop closed several years ago.
At exactly 1.31pm, the 368 arrives carrying the predicted five little old ladies (unless someone’s had a coronary in Waitrose, you can safely predict how many will be on board), and we’re off. They’re a jolly little crowd, and you get the impression that the bus ride is a key part of the entertainment for people who live alone in rural areas. But they’re all well into their 70s, demonstrating how these bus routes have been closed by stealth. When the last passengers pop off, the authorities will withdraw the vestigial weekly service without a murmur of complaint. Check out swipenclean.com.
At Holwell we hop off to make a call in the village. There’s plenty of time to walk to King’s Stag for the last bus. It’s two miles as the crow flies, and the 368 from Sherborne went there after leaving Holwell, but it took a 23 minute deviation via Pulham, Duntish and Buckland Newton. Yes, you could beat it at a steady jog.

King's Stag bus shelter

King’s Stag Bus Shelter

King’s Stag is one of those villages whose strategic importance far outweighs its actual population, which can’t exceed 200. There’s a smart block-built bus shelter here, erected in happier days when there were several good bus services. Four routes still converge on the village, but the 368, 323 and 317 are in the one a week category, leaving only the 307, which runs from Sturminster to Dorchester at 07.20 every morning, with a second bus (Tuesday to Friday only) at the more civilized time of 09.40, returning just after lunch. The return scholars bus leaves The Hardye School, Dorchester at 3.40pm and runs as far as King’s Stag, before returning to the county town, and that’s the one we’re catching. Just one schoolgirl is left on the bus as it arrives at this remote outpost, 15 miles from school,  and as she steps off she looks confused, then smiles shyly. Like the bus driver, she’s surprised to see someone getting on.
For children kept back on detention and (in theory at least) commuters working in Dorchester, there’s a final bus home at 5.40pm, which guarantees to go as far as Fifehead Neville, but will go the last few miles to Sturminster if you ask the driver nicely.
The 307 service isn’t dead, but it’s on life support. If the Tuesday to Friday bus were to be nipped in the bud, this would – like many others -effectively become a statutory school bus service. Check out best chiropractor san diego.
The bus turns up spot on time, and it’s a smart new Optare Solo, noticeably smoother and quieter than the older buses we’ve caught up to now. In theory, someone might have popped out from Dorchester on the lunchtime bus to visit their auntie in Alton Pancras, but no-one else boards all the way back to the station. The service is advertised as missing the 5.33pm to London by one minute, but it actually arrives ten minutes early, so had we been travelling further afield, we could have made it to Waterloo by 8.20pm.

Any Future for Rural Buses?
It’s actually been a fun day. The country buses are quite slow because of all the village centre deviations, but the views are good (choose a back seat over the rear-mounted engine), and it’s a friendly world, as little old lady fiefdoms generally are. On a wet day, there’s a lot to be said for going into town by bus.Dorset County Council consultation map
Rural public transport needs to be nurtured and encouraged, and by gradually lopping services off, we’ve created bus routes that have little hope of surviving without ongoing subsidy. For a government that is committed to replacing Trident for ‘around’ £100 billion, the cost of maintaining a few rural buses is negligible, but once they’re down to one-a-week, carrying less than a handful of oldies, they’ve more or less reached the point where it would be cheaper to put them in a taxi, and bugger the theoretical walk-on market. Find best painters in dublin. There are other solutions. Some bus companies have taken their weekly market-day buses out of the system altogether, by describing them as ‘tour buses’, which don’t receive grant aid, but are exempt from the troublesome concessionary fare scheme too.
The spider’s web of bus routes in Dorset looks impressive, but outside the urban areas, only the X51, and routes from Bridport to Beaminster and Weymouth, Wareham to Swanage, Dorchester to Portland and Poole to Blandford do better than an hourly service, the level essential to encourage ‘turn up and go’ discretionary travel painterly.ie.
Another ten or so are offer three or more services a day (three is the norm) and of these, all but the Blandford to Salisbury service are safe in the current review. A handful of the remaining 29 routes see a single daily schools service, but most have just one bus a week. And if the council’s plans go through, all will be swept away.

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Swiss Train

Europe by Bike – Switzerland

Railways through mountains - the Glacier Express

Railways through mountains – the Glacier Express J & N Forsyth

Europe with Bike – Switzerland

The Swiss are amazing. Their country is not a natural place to build railways, so they build them up and through mountains.
The Swiss rail network is spread evenly on the country. There are 3,787 km of standard gauge tracks spread across the country and 509 km of metre gauge tracks in the south of the country. The main operator is Swiss Federal Railways (SBB/CFF/FFS). The other operators such as BLS (Bern-Löschtberg-Simplon) appear to be privately owned but are in fact owned by the cantons and the federal government. There are connections to Austria, France, Germany and Italy, some of which carry bicycles, both DB and SNCF run trains into Switzerland. The only major cross border rail connection that does nor accept bicycles is the narrow gauge Locarno to Domodossola FART (Ferrovie Autolinee Regionali Ticinesi – Regional Bus and Rail Company of Canton Ticino) line over the Centovalli.

switzerland
Some but not all of the distinctive yellow Post Buses take bicycles.
The railway system is cyclist-friendly, but not cheap. The majority of trains carry bicycles without reservation. This does mean that on public holidays problems can arise. You load the bikes yourself. The exception being the InterCity-Neigezügen (ICN) tilting Intercity trains where reservations are necessary between 21 March to 31 October at a cost of 5CHF per bicycle. These reservations can be made online. Short distance bicycle tickets cost half the single second class fare. A day tickets costs 12CHF for passengers with rail cards and 18CHF for passengers paying the full price for their tickets.
Travelling to Switzerland overland with your bicycle is described in “Taking your bicycle by bus, train and ship across Europe”.

Adequate bike parking (Romanshorn)

Adequate bike parking (Romanshorn). J & N Forsyth

Popular Cycling Areas in Switzerland
The Swiss authorities have invested heavily in cycle routes over the last twenty years or so with the result that the country now has nine national routes criss crossing the country and a large number of regional routes. Signposting and track quality is superb. Readers can find much more information about Swiss cycling in “Cycle Touring in Switzerland” by Judith and Neil Forsyth, published by Cicerone ISBN: 9781852845261 as a printed book or as an e-book. One can also buy descriptions of individual routes.
On weekends in summer with a good weather forecast, increased numbers of cyclists can be expected between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m. and between 4 p.m. and 7 p.m. on trains to Ticino, Valais, the Bernese Oberland, Pays des trois lacs – near Neuchatel, Jura, Grisons and Lake Constance, i.e. much of Switzerland, meaning there may be a shortage of space on these trains.

Wide bicycle access on Swiss doubledecker rolling stock

Wide bicycle access on Swiss doubledecker rolling stock J & N Forsyth

Train Types
This matter is largely irrelevant, because trains that take bicycles are shown in the timetable, allowing cyclists to choose which trains they take. There do not appear to be surcharges or extra charges for certain trains. There is the usual mix of local, regional and express trains. Bicycles are forbidden during the evening rush on Zurich S-Bahn (suburban trains) during the evening rush Mondays to Fridays (4pm-7pm).
One very good idea is that capacity forecasts for each train is shown online and on station indicators which allows route planning to use trains that are not as full.

Tickets
Railway tickets are expensive. Most inhabitants of Switzerland invest in a Half-Fare travel card which gives you half price travel and reduced prices for bicycle transport, but as it costs 185CHF, it does not really pay unless you live there or visit often. We bought two when we wrote the Cycling in Switzerland book as we spent several months there. There are also cards for tourists – the Swiss Pass, etc. Check out thelockboss.ie. But one needs to calculate carefully if cycling and expecting to travel by bicycle with the odd trip by public transport.
Getting you and your bike on the bus, ship or train.

Buses
Many but not all Post Buses carry bicycles and E-bikes.
You put the bike on a rack or on a trailer yourself.

Typical ramp on a Swiss station

Typical ramp on a Swiss station J Forsyth

Trains
Tandems are not carried by the SBB. Bike trailers can only be transported if they are no wider than 80 cm.
Select your route and journey time in the online timetable which allows searching in all public transport systems in Switzerland:
•    In the online timetable, select “Advanced search” and then “carriage of bicycles required (Switzerland only)” to see the routes on which you can take your bike yourself.
Bike on train•    Trains that do not have space for bicycles are marked on the timetable and departure boards with a bike logo with a bar across. Cyclists are not allowed to take their bikes on these trains.
•    A bicycle reservation symbol or reference number on the timetable indicates a train or Post Bus for which reservation is required.
•    The capacity forecast is a useful indicator of which trains are likely to have capacity bottlenecks and whether another train or a different route might be less busy and thus better suited to transport bikes.
•    Passengers can check which section of the platform the coaches with bicycle spaces (bicycle hooks, bicycle platforms) will arrive in as early as three hours before departure in the online timetable or in the SBB Mobile smartphone app.
One good feature of Swiss stations is the provision of ramps to the platforms. There is no fiddling about trying to persuade loaded bicycles to get into narrow lifts. You will know roughly where the bike carrying carriages will stop. Go to the correct area of the platform. Take the bags off the bike. Put all the bags together. When the train arrives enter the train through a door with a bike logo. Just prop the bike up and return to the platform to pick up your bags. Leaving your passport and camera on the platform could probably spoil your day. Get back on the train and hang the bike up. Find a seat and collapse.
When you get off the train, push your bike along the platform. It is strictly forbidden to ride bikes on platforms.

Ferries and Steamers
There are ferries and ships on the larger lakes. There is normally no problem getting your bike on board. Just tell the person in the booking office. A bungee or a strap is a useful accessory to fasten the bike to the mainmast or similar, so everything is shipshape and Bristol fashion.

Diversions
Our favourite trip is from Andermatt over the Oberalp Pass and then down the Rhine Valley to Lake Constance with good mountain views all the way.

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Bike / Europe - Sweden

Europe by Bike – Sweden

Europe by bike - Swedish trains

The new high-speed rail service from Stockholm to Eskilstuna.

The railways in Sweden have a network of 13,000 km of track. The major operator is the state-owned SJ, but there are other operators such as Veolia, Tågkompaniet, Norrtåg and Inlandsbanan.

Left to itself, the major Swedish rail operator SJ is not very cyclist friendly, although matters have improved greatly recently. The SJ will run a number of mainline and regional trains with accompanied bicycle transport from certain stations and trains from Mondays to Fridays, in the summer in June, July and August, and on some lines from May until December.  On all other mainline routes and at all other times you can take your bike when it is first partially dismantled, packed and stowed as baggage. (Thanks are due to Cykelfrämjandet, the Swedish cyclists association for their help.)

Trains

X 2000
These very popular SJ high speed trains link Stockholm to major Swedish cities. The ADFC, the German Cyclists’ Club, reports on its website that some cyclists said that they could take their bikes in X2000 trains, though it is not officially allowed. Whether these bicycles were partially dismantled and bagged was not mentioned.
More conventional mainline trains:

SJ
InterCity trains are much slower than the X 200 trains. Some of these services offer limited bicycle transport in summer. The company also runs a number of night trains including a useful one for us from Malmö to Berlin, but it too does not take bicycles.

Veolia:
Runs a few trains daily from Malmö to Stockholm and return. If these take unbagged bicycles it will be a very small number.

  1. Runs Lapplandståget/ Lapland train, a weekly train from Malmö to Lappland and on to Narvik from the beginning of July to middle of August – Fridays Malmö – Narvik returning on Sunday. Bicycles are transported on this train. It costs 99 SEK to take your bicycle along to Lapland from Malmö and Stockholm. Only one bicycle and one piece of luggage is allowed per passenger – inventive packing is called for. Space can be reserved online, but only Scandinavian credit cards are accepted on the website.
  2. Runs trains on the Swedish end of the twice daily Mittnabotåget/Nabotåget service between Trondheim (N) and Östersund / Sundsvall (S). Whether the Norrtåg services mentioned below are a replacement or a additional service is not clear.

Regional Trains
Some of these trains are operated by SJ and some by more customer orientated organisations.

The Inlandsbanan from Kristinehamn in central Sweden to Gällivare in the north running through the wilds of northern Sweden takes bicycles from early June to the end of August. How interesting this area is for cyclists other than the purple-legged knotted-muscle MTB types, who wear shorts even in the middle of winter is debatable. The cost is SEK 50 for a single journey between two points on the line. Bikes are only allowed if there is room, but this appears to be the case normally, according to reports we have read from the ADFC. A charming feature of this line is that the FIAT diesel rail cars used on the line do not have restaurant or buffet facilities, but prebooking of meals or snacks in restaurant along the way is organised by the company. The train stops at various restaurants for half an hour or so.

Tågkompaniet, owned by NSB, Norwegian Railways runs trains in the middle of Sweden. Map On all trains in the Bergslagen area and the X-trains, there are two bike places in each train. In Värmland county, bikes are allowed on the trains as long as space is available.

NSB also runs regional trains between Goteborg in Sweden and Oslo in Norway. These trains take bicycles without reservation.

Skåne Commuter Transit in southern Sweden operates the Öresund line into Denmark and the railways for about 100km around Malmö. Services are contracted out to Arriva. An accompanied bicycle costs the same as a child’s single ticket on both trains and buses. Bikes are allowed on the train if there´s room. The train manager decides how many bikes can be taken. In general:

  • Pågatågen: at most 10 bikes/train or section
  • Reginatågen: at most 2 bikes/train or section
  • Öresund line: at most 9 bikes/train or section.

On regional buses with the necessary fittings in this area bikes are carried at the weekend between 04:00 and 23:00 but only if there`s room and for a maximum of two bikes. This applies daily during the summer holidays from 15 June to 15 August .

Norrtåg: The north of Sweden now enjoys a cyclist friendly service by Norrtåg AB a joint DB/SJ company. See the route map for details.

Tickets

Swedish railway tickets are a complex matter. There are inter-company booking arrangements called Resplus. However on some local lines two companies run in competition and then each others’ tickets are not valid, unless you specifically buy a Resplus ticket. Interrail tickets are accepted as far as we can see. There are also discounts for the young and pensioners. Each of the railway companies will sell you tickets for the whole system.

Veolia tickets can be purchased online on their website, but only Nordic credit cards are accepted. For all other credit cards, tickets can be booked and purchased over the telephone: Customer Service +46 771-26 00 00. Tickets are posted home and a small distribution fee applies. It is probably easier to use Raileurope or the major European state railway companies to purchase a ticket. Interrail cards are valid for travel on the Lappland train. Seats can be reserved for 29 SEK and couchettes for 249 SEK.

Getting there and back

We assume that the reader wishes to travel to Sweden to go cycle touring, rather than moving there to live. We would suggest that good places to go touring are Skäne east and northeast of Malmö, the west coast up to Göteborg, the Trollhätte and Göta Canals from Göteborg east or northeastwards from Malmö to Stockholm. Since there is but one train a day from Malmö to Stockholm that takes bicycles early in the morning. it is better to travel to Malmö and start cycling, rather than travelling by train with a bicycle to Stockholm, unless you wish to spend a day and night in Malmö. The best way to get to Malmö from London is via Harwich, Esbjerg and Copenhagen.

Journey Mode Cost Passenger/Bike Comment
Harwich about 17:00
Esbjerg a: next day 13:00
DFDS Ship* £169 for 2 people You will need to eat on the ship dinner and breakfast cost about ?40 pp if booked in advance. This ship sails on three or four days a week.
Esbjerg d: 14:42 Copenhagen :17:49 IC* 46 Euros
Copenhagen d: 18:13 Malmö a: 18:46 RE
Journey Mode Cost Passenger/Bike Comment
Malmö d: 11:33 Copenhagen a:1207 RE
Copenhagen d: 12:30Esbjerg a:15:26 IC 46 Euros pp
Esbjerg d:18:45 Harwich a: 12:00 the next day DFDS Ship £169 for 2 people You will need to eat on the ship dinner and breakfast cost about ?40 pp if booked in advance. This ship sails on three or four days a week.

Putting Bikes on SJ Trains

You need to work out which train you wish to catch, buy a bicycle ticket/reservation for 249 SEK per bicycle (a whopping £25). You then go to the platform from which your train will depart to be there at least 20 minutes before the train departs. You should remove all luggage from the bike and wait for the arrival of the BestXpress personnel who wear bright orange waistcoats. They will load your bike on the train and when the train arrives at your destination they will be present on the platform to unload your bicycle. In case of problems in either phase of the operation ring 0771-71 71 71. It is definitely a gold plated solution, by no means customer friendly and the fact that all over Europe cyclists are loading their own bikes on trains seems to have escaped the notice of the SJ management.

Website

Veolia has a first page in Swedish and then, if you are lucky and you click the right spot you are directed to a page where you can click on a Union Jack to find a page in English about the Lappland train and the Malm? – Stockholm services. However you cannot use anything but a Scandinavian credit card to buy tickets. This is a good encouragement to use the Rail Europe or Deutsche Bahn ticketing services.

Skåne Commuter Transit is useful if you have a working knowledge of Swedish.

Inlandsbanan is a clear and simple website, but don’t send for the brochure, unless you really want to go there. Once you read it you will find yourself packing a rucksack and working out the most convenient way to get there.

Ferries

The ferries from Denmark, Germany, Latvia, Poland and Finland all take bicycles, as do the ferries out to the Swedish and Finnish islands.

Diversions

Your authors would dearly like to take the 1300 km long Inlandsbanan from Kristinehamn in central Sweden to Gällivare in the north. From the northern end we could take a train to Narvik on the Kiruna iron ore line. Then maybe the Hurtigruten ship to Trondheim and the Mitnatbotåget back to Sweden.

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Bike / Rail - France

Europe by Bike – France

The basic message is that long distance travel with a bicycle by train in France is possible, despite what you might have heard about high speed trains like the TGV, but choice is limited and you need to book early, especially in summer. Regional services that can take accompanied bicycles are sparse but good. The French Railways web site can be found at www.voyages-sncf.com.
Railway lines in France are less dense than in Germany and there are fewer trains on the lines. Out in the sticks, two trains a day appears to be the norm, but services to the regional centres are generally adequate. The SNCF (Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Français or French National Railway Corporation) incorporates TGV, France’s high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of trains for passengers and freight, and maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure owned by Réseau Ferré de France (RFF).
This is the very French solution to European directives formulated to impose competition on national and pan-European rail networks. Great Britain got a botched privatisation, and the French kept the whole SNCF edifice intact by making it look privatised. Who is to say they were wrong? Recent work by the Office of the Rail Regulator suggests that National Rail is 34-40% less efficient than the nationalised European norm, and as we all know, standard British fares are the most expensive in Europe too.
Harking back to a time when we exported technology to France rather than the other way round, French trains drive on the left, except in Alsace and parts of Lorraine that were German between 1870 and 1918. Trams and underground railways run on the right because of their origins as road transport.
Travelling to various regions of France is described in “Taking your bicycle by bus, train and ship across Europe”.
You can download a slightly out-of-date map of the SNCF (there doesn’t seem to be anything better) at http://bit.ly/1PDA8RW

 

Train Types and Operators

Brompton_tgv_avignon

Brompton: The Fat Controller’s ideal bike, with a TGV in the background

Long distance express trains
Train à Grande Vitesse (TGV)
Literally ‘high speed train’, TGVs are very fast and comfortable train sets. Some of the newer examples of the class are double-deckers. Up to four bicycles are carried on certain TGV services: TGV Atlantique (except Duplex trains), parts of TGV Nord, TGV Est and TGV Lyria (Services to Switzerland from Paris Gare de Lyon).
A few words of warning though: tandems and recumbents (these are almost unknown in France), are only officially carried in trains with guards vans/baggage cars, which are now rare. They do seem to be tolerated elsewhere, although space can be tight.
When travelling on bike-carrying TGVs you will need to reserve bike places. Not only are there typically only four places available on each train, but the bikes block four part-time seats that can be used by travellers without reserved tickets, of whom there can be quite a few. They are unlikely to give up their seats unless you can wave a reservation under their noses and threaten to call the Gendarmes.
There is another class of TGV, the iDTGV which can only be booked online and offers cheaper fares than the conventional TGV trains. It appears to be aimed at the student market, but there are no age limits. This offers three types of accommodation: iDZap, iDZen and iDNight in the usual two classes: first and second class. iDZap is intended as an area where you get to know your fellow passengers. Probably a good place to practise your French chat up lines. iDZen is the public library area. Nobody speaks and you can read “Candide” in peace. iDNight is an overnight or a late in the day train and appears to be a moving disco and bar running more slowly than a conventional TGV. It sounds like a vision of Hell. However these trains cost about half the price of their conventional equivalents. There is, however, a major snag for the cyclist. These trains do not take bicycles unless they are bagged in a similar manner to the Eurostar trains, and you can only take two pieces of luggage on board, which sounds like a recipe for inventive packing.

DB RE meets TER in Wissembourg

DB and TER trains at Wissembourg station. Judith and Neil Forsyth

Intercité
These are conventional trains hauled by a locomotive. The trains run not only between major centres, but also important regional settlements. They are slightly slower than the TGVs, but fares are cheaper. Some are sleeper trains running at night.These are couchette rather than sleeping car trains, but on these trains one compartment has been modified to act as a bike garage. (See Table in the Onward Travel chapter.)

Bikes in TER

Bikes in TER. Judith and Neil Forsyth

Regional Trains – Transport Express Régional (TER)
SNCF operates local railways and buses under the name TER. These services are heavily subsidised by the French taxpayer, with 72% of the cost being borne by the State and the regional councils on average, so travellers only pay about a third of the full cost of provision. TER trains consist of single or multiple-unit diesel, electric or dual-mode rail cars, as well as some Grandes Lignes rolling stock that has been ‘cascaded’ from intercity routes.

Popular Cycling Areas in France
Brittany, the Atlantic Coast: La Vèlodyssée, the Jura, the Loire Valley (Eurovélo 6), the Pyrenees, the Canal de Midi and surprisingly the Rhine Valley between Basel and Lauterbourg where the French bank of the river offers much better cycling than the German side which uses a maintenance road for the river authority as acycle track.

Tickets
SNCF services are divided into two groups: Grandes Lignes (main line) and TER (regional services). Although nominally separate, the two groups work together and in practice there is no difference between them. If you use the SNCF home page this will also show TER services where appropriate. Not all, but some of the main line services will take bicycles, including some of the high speed TGVs, whereas the vast majority of regional trains do. You can find out which mainline trains carry bikes by checking timetables on www.voyages-sncf.com and seeing which trains display a bicycle logo. If there is room on your chosen train you can turn up, pop your bike on the train and away you go. You can however reserve bike places on long distance trains before travelling, and it is highly advisable. The local TER trains do not accept reservations and bicycle transport is free. Folders are welcome everywhere, provided they do not exceed 120cm x 90cm x 60cm.
There are a number of possibilities in Britain, and you can now book bike tickets online from www.captainetrain.com (see ‘Bike Tickets’ below).
1. By Phone – Voyages-SNCF: 0844 848 5848 Mon-Fri – 09:00-19:00 Saturday – 09:00-18:00
2. Online at https://www.capitainetrain.com.. The voyages-sncf.com site doesn’t seem to offer a simple way of booking a bike ticket online whereas the capitainetrain website lets you book bikes on French trains online, but not on Eurostar. It is probably better to sort out Eurostar and SNCF by phone.

Railcards
SNCF offers several rail cards: For the old, the young, the very young, families and normal people. These only really pay if you live in France or are intending to travel extensively in France.

Bicycle Tickets
Your bicycle will cost ten Euros on long distance trains within France, but you MUST book early to get space on some Intercite and all TGV trains. A trailer probably costs the same amount, but this could be awkward in a TGV where there is limited bike space. Cycling for the French either means road bikes with violently coloured Lycra à la Tour de France or rusty pre-WWI ladies’ bikes used by farm workers in the country. Neither of these ever pull trailers. In our experience if you can show willing and partially dismantle the trailer it does help. Bicycle transport on local TER trains is free.
International bicycle tickets cost €10 – 15 and include a reservation for a bicycle. These are valid from your starting station to your destination. Recumbents (even short wheelbase recumbents) and tandems seem to cost double, even though they are technically banned from most trains.
To arrange bike transport on Intercité or TGV trains in France, it is now possible to book both your seat reservation and bike reservation at the same time by using the Capitaine Train online booking service: full details in English at https://blog.capitainetrain.com/6555-take-bike-on-train-france

The Composteur

The “Composteur” By Judith and Neil Forsyth

Getting you and your bicycle on the train
If catching a train from a station with more than two platforms, the departure platform is announced only ten minutes before the train arrives. In Paris Est for example the departure platform of the TGV/ICE to Frankfurt is announced ten minutes before departure, causing an almighty stampede. The same is true in Germanically drilled Strasbourg, even though the train has been waiting empty for half an hour or so (If you have to wait in Strasbourg in winter use the northern concourse. It’s a lot warmer and there are more seats.). Way down south in Nice things are fortunately more casual and the departure platform of the sleeper trains is made public a good hour before departure.
You may have to hang (accrocher) your bikes on hooks anchored in the compartment ceiling. Unless you are built like Atlas, remove the panniers first. Avoid trying to lift the bikes up once the train is moving and take them down (deccrocher) in good time before your destination.
When you are on the way to the platform to catch your train, you will see small yellow pillars labelled ‘Compostage’ with a slit. Stick your ticket/s for the journey as purchased from ticket machines or the ticket office in this slit. You will hear the machine whine and print the date on your ticket/s. They are then valid for that journey but cannot be used again. If you do not do this you could be fined €50 or so by the conductor on the train.

Diversion
We normally cross France in the dark to or from Paris and then take a night train south, though we did enjoy running into Nice along the Mediterranean coast early on a winter morning. We did enjoy a three week trip cycle partly along Eurovélo 6 from Breisach to Bordeaux some years ago, but if I was to do it again we would cycle upstream with the prevailing wind on our backs.

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Bike / Rail - Finland

Europe by Bike – Finland

A to B Finland - rail networkWe will not write much about Finnish railways, although the organisation is very cyclist-friendly. Finland lies well to the north and east in Europe. It is at least a three day journey from Britain by train and ship to get there, so travelling to the country on the ground is only of interest to the railway or shipping enthusiast, or the seriously green. We think it would be quite an interesting trip.
Finland is lightly populated. There are long distance lines connecting the main centres of population with Helsinki. The proximity to Russia means that the railways in Finland have a network of 5,919 km of 1,524 mm (5 ft) gauge track which connects the major towns and cities mainly with Helsinki. Effectively the only operator is the state-owned VR.

Getting to Finland by train and ship
The easiest surface route for bicycles and their owners from the UK to Helsinki is the three-night trip (Hull – P&O or Harwich – Stena) via Europoort or Hook of Holland, then train via Rotterdam, Osnabrück and Hamburg to Travemünde or Rostock, and ship to Helsinki.
The only international passenger trains in Finland connect Helsinki with St Petersburg, Vyborg and Moscow. The Finnish gauge is similar enough to the Russian gauge at 1,520 mm to allow running trains backwards and forwards into Russia without changing bogies. There is a link westwards to the standard gauge Swedish system in Tornio in Lapland that does involve a bogey change system, but this is only used by goods trains. Bicycles can only be shipped to Russia if packed in a bag or box.

A to B Finland

Tickets
There are first (Business) class tickets available on long distance trains. These cost at least 50% more than normal second class tickets.
Family tickets offer free travel to children between 6 and 16 accompanied by a fare paying adult.
Pensioners can purchase their tickets with a 50% discount.
Tickets can be booked on line, from VR station booking offices, VR sales agents, ticket vending machines and train conductors. The ticket may be delivered as an e-ticket (printed by the customer or sent in text message and multimedia format to the customer’s mobile phone, but not all phones are supported), or as a ticket sent to the customer by post, but only in Finland. The ticket may also be picked up at a ticket vending machine or a station booking office. Tickets to Russia cannot be booked online.

Website
Excellent and easy to use. Tickets may be bought online every day between 6.00-23.30 and paid for by a range of credit cards. www.vr.fi/en/index.html

A to B Finland - EDM Sleeping Car

Finish EDM sleeping car

Putting bikes on trains
Express Trains
The following train types take bicycles: Regional Trains, Express Trains, InterCity, InterCity2 and night trains.
Tandems and cycle trailers can be transported in those day and night express trains which transport luggage and in some other trains marked with a suitcase in timetables.
•    In express and regional trains, customers should bring the bicycle to the conductor’s van as with large luggage and collect it at the arrival station.
•    Customers should transfer their bicycle to another train themselves when changing trains.
•    Groups should make arrangements concerning transport of bicycles in advance.
Paying for your bicycle in advance at a VR station costs €5, a bicycle and trailer cost €10, and a tandem, booked in advance at a VR station costs €18. If you pay the on-board conductor it will cost €20.

InterCity Train
Bicycle spaces must be booked in advance from VR Customer Care or a station booking office, i.e. not online.
Customers should bring their bicycle to the bicycle space in the double-decker wagon of InterCity trains. It is possible to lock the bicycle with a 50 cent coin as deposit. The coin is returned when the bicycle is removed from the stand after the journey.
InterCity trains do not take tandems or cycle trailers. A bicycle booked with a passenger costs €9.

Overland bus and coach
There is an extensive network of overland buses in Finland run by a number of different, cooperating bus companies under the umbrella Expressbus. These buses will take bicycles as long there is room. It is necessary to reserve places in advance and charges may apply.

Ferries
It is possible to reach Finland by ferry from Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Poland and Sweden.

Diversions
We have never been to Finland. One of us is allergic to mosquito bites.

 

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Bike / Rail - Denmark

Europe by Bike – Denmark

A to B Denmark - rail networkEurope by Bike – Denmark

Two-thousand six-hundred kilometres of railways link the major towns and cities in Denmark. The major operator is De Danske Statsbaner (DSB) and there are a number of smaller private operators of which the biggest is Arriva. Danish railways are cyclist-friendly, with special spaces for bicycles on trains. Both Denmark and the Netherlands are sensibly investing in their cycle networks and it shows.

Trains
High Speed Trains, ICE
DB/DSB jointly operate international ICEs from Hamburg to Copenhagen via Padborg or Puttgarden throughout the day, but there are the usual restrictions on bicycles: Partially dismantled and bagged seems to be allowed.

A to B Denmark - DSB IC3

DSB IC3 train at Frederikshavn, Denmark

InterCity (IC), EuroCity (EC), InterCityLyn (ICL), X2000
The three EuroCity pairs from Hamburg to Kopenhagen and the X2000 fast train to Stockholm do not take bicycles, except the usual bagged and partially dismantled variation. There are hourly trains from Hamburg to Copenhagen which take bicycles where it is necessary to change in Flensburg and Fredericia
Domestic InterCity and InterCityLyn trains take bicycles outside of the rush hour (06:00-09:00 and 15:00-18:00). Bicycles are not transported free. The cost varies with distance. Reservation of bicycle places is essential. Pre-book at stations or call  +45 70131415. You can stand anywhere but your bike can’t!

A to B Denmark - Avedoere Station

Avedoere Station

Regional and Local Trains
Bicycle transport within Greater Copenhagen is free on the S-Tog (Suburban Rail).
RØ, RV, ØR (Öresund Trains) regional trains, at least in Denmark and InterRegional (IR) trains carry bicycles (see note below). Reservations are not required.
Öresund Trains cross the Öresund bridge and tunnel every 20 minutes. Travelling time between Copenhagen and Malmö (Sweden) is about 35 minutes. These trains run the whole way round Öresund from Helsinger in Denmark via Copenhagen and Malmö to Helsingborg and other cities in Sweden. The Öresund service across ‘The Bridge’ to Malmö has been affected by the influx of refugees, and passengers must now change at Kastrup Airport Station and show ID to travel on to Sweden. The latest information we have is that the trains across the bridge do not take bicycles. If you wish to travel to Sweden from Copenhagen, travel to Helsingor and take the ferry to Helsingbor. There is a frequent service (www.scandlines.com/). It is cheaper to book the ferry in advance.

Getting to Denmark
Until the replacement for the DFDS service from Harwich to Esbjerg arrives, the only surface route by public transport to Copenhagen from London is via Harwich and the daytime Stena Line ferry to Hoek van Holland, and then via Rotterdam, Amersfoot, Osnabrück, Hamburg, Flensberg and Fredericia to Copenhagen.

Tickets
DSB offers first (DSB1) and second (Standard) class tickets which are refundable. There are also non-refundable Orange Tickets. Children travel for about half the adult fare and grey haired over 65 year olds receive a 50% discount on their tickets. Tickets can be bought at stations, online (but see below) from DSB; online from Voyages SNCF; by phone +45 70131415 or in case of difficulty by emailing kundenhenv@dsb.dk.
There are also clip cards that will save you money as long as you use the whole card. These might make sense with a group. One good idea is that you can reserve seats in one of three zones:
 •  Standard
 •  Standard Stillezone  Compartment/Area where you need to be silent, and mobile phones should either be turned off or in silent mode.
 • Standard Familiezone  As its name suggests there may be children present in this area and therefore it could be noisy.

The Website
The website is not the ideal place to buy Danish railway tickets, unless you speak Danish with the fluency of Hamlet. It is in Danish, although there is an explanatory page in English: www.dsb.dk/om-dsb/in-english/. These English pages also contain a guide to how to buy a ticket online, but the pages referred to are in Danish.
There are various pop ups that occur from time to time offering you cheaper transfer to first class and similar. The DSB suggests that English-speakers cut and paste the pop up to a translation program. At this point your internet-friendly or even addicted researcher decided life was too short for this type of fun and games. We would suggest you either join a queue at a station or use the French or German railway’s British agents, Voyages SNCF or Deutsche Bahn, if you wish to buy your tickets beforehand.

Putting Bikes on Trains and Buses
Bicycles but not tandems and bike trailers are transported on most DSB services and on private regional trains. DSB trains that do not take bicycles are shown in the timetables with a crossed out bicycle pictogram. You are expected to load your bicycle yourself onto Danish trains. There are bicycle pumps in the existing bicycle compartments on suburban trains in Greater Copenhagen.
Having written this, our experience some years ago on the Copenhagen-Flensburg service was not as we would have wished. The train was 12 carriages or so long, and split up at various points en route, with two or four car sets going off to somewhere else. We made the mistake of travelling from Roskilde, west of Copenhagen. There was no indication where one should stand to find the part of the train with a specific destination, and no members of staff on the platform to tell us. This meant that rather than being able to take our bags off our bicycles and putting the bikes and bags on the train separately, we needed to climb up steep steps with heavily laden bicycles.
When the train arrived, we got into a carriage due for Odense just to get on the train. We were directed at Ringsted station to change to a carriage further forward. When we ran almost the length of the train and got on at the point where a conductor was standing, we discovered that we were now in the train to Esbjerg. At the next station we had to repeat the procedure and finally managed to get to the correct portion of the train.
We now realise that we should have joined the train in Copenhagen where it started and where we would have had time to walk down the train to find our carriage. However one does wish that DSB could invest a bob or two in indicating where carriages are likely to stop. Most continental railways manage this, even British operators who are not high in the customer satisfaction stakes manage to make things a reasonably clear.
Country bus services in Denmark can take two or three bicycles, if there is room and the driver agrees.

Ferries
Denmark is an archipelago, consisting of the Jutland peninsular and a number of islands. Due to the country’s geography, the road system in the Danish archipelago makes frequent use of ferries. Local car ferries link most islands to the road network. All the car ferries and many regional excursion ships take bicycles. There are regular international ferries to and from the Faroe Islands, Germany, Iceland, Norway, Poland, Sweden and the UK. The good news is that even when a car ferry is ‘full’, there is always space for another bike.

Diversions
The most interesting trip we can recommend, unfortunately, without your bicycle, unless it is bagged etc., is the ICE-TD trip from Hamburg or Lübeck to Copenhagen. The train travels via the Vogelfluglinie (Bird Flight Line) and is shunted on to a Puttgarden-Rodby ferry for the 50 minute trip across the Baltic.

 

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Bike / Rail - Belgium

Europe by Bike – Belgium

Europe with Bike – Belgium

The railways in Belgium offer the full range of rail services, from high speed international trains to slow moving local trains. Prices are low. The nationalised company is very cyclist friendly, even tandem friendly, and the majority of trains take bicycles, but not always very many. Belgian Railways are known as NCMBS (Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen) in Flemish or SNCB (Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Belges) in French, in this country divided by language. Oddly enough the railway company does not seem to have a name at all in Belgium’s third official language, German.
The system has about 3,300 km of standard gauge track, mostly electrified. Trains in Belgium normally run on the left, showing the British involvement in building the rail network in the nineteenth century. How times have changed.
Belgium has a policy of cheap rail travel. Citizens in Belgium, especially students and the elderly, are offered incentives and cheaper fares to alleviate road congestion. Public sector employees and many private sector employees receive subsidised season tickets. The great majority of trains, except high speed trains, offer bicycle transport, which means these facilities are not mentioned in official information. An unfortunate side effect is that it is almost impossible to pinpoint those trains which do not carry bikes. These however are few in number. On some domestic IC trains there may only be room for two bicycles. We have discussed matters with a German cyclist living on the border with Belgium who regularly transports his bicycle on Belgian trains. He wrote that outside of rush hours one can store the bike in the entrance area of a carriage. His advice was then to stay near your bike and act friendly when the conductor-guard comes around. (Thanks to the ADFC Aachen for this information.)
Travelling to Belgium is described in ‘Taking your bicycle by bus, train and ship across Europe’.

Train Types
There are a number of international High Speed Trains: Thalys, Eurostar, SNCF TGV, DB InterCity Express (ICE) which can whisk you across Europe at high speed and in great comfort, but these trains do not accept bicycles except bagged folding bikes or partly disassembled bikes in a bag. Bagged bikes going to France must have a label showing the passenger’s name and seat number.

Bike Europe, Belgium. Thalys

Thalys traction unit at Aachen Hauptbahnhof

Thalys
On board the Thalys, a bicycle is only allowed if its front wheel has been removed and if the bicycle is packed in a special bicycle cover (maximum measurement: 120x90cm).

TGV Brussels – France
Your bike can be carried free of charge as ‘hand luggage’, on condition that it is dismantled (wheels removed) and placed in a special cover for bike transport with maximum dimensions of 120x90cm. When it is packed like this, your bike can be stowed in one of the spaces available at the ends of each carriage.

InterCity/EuroCity (IC/EC)?
IC
The domestic ICs which extend into Holland and Luxembourg do carry bicycles. Older stock (carriages) carry two bicycles per train, but there is more room for bicycles in the more modern double decker trains. However it is not possible to find out which type of train will be used on any one particular journey. Early morning trains from Luxembourg to Belgium are normally double decker trains. It is not possible to reserve bike slots on these trains. You will need to buy a bike ticket in Belgium when travelling to Luxembourg or an International Bicycle Ticket in Luxembourg when travelling to Belgium. Bicycles travel for free in Luxembourg. (Thanks to the Letzelbuerger Velo Initiativ for the information)

EC
Two EuroCity trains circulate daily between Brussels and Switzerland via Namur, Luxembourg and eastern France. Both of which accept bicycles. Bike slots must be reserved and International Bicycle Tickets bought.
•    Vauban (EC 91/90)
•    Iris (97/96) to Zurich (via Basel)

bEurope by bike, Belgium, Brussel Zuid

Suburban train in Brusel-Midi

Regional trains
There are a number of local lines. Most of these carry bicycles, though it might only be two or three. Timetable information can be found on the Belgian Rail domestic website: www.belgianrail.be/.
A map of the rail system (PDF).
For dealing with the guard, follow the advice given by our German contact in the second paragraph of this section.

Popular Cycling Areas in Belgium
The most popular cycling routes in Belgium are:
•    Vlaanderen Fietsroute (Flanders Cycle Route) a circular route, which can be picked up near Zeebrugge and takes about two weeks to cycle comfortably. There also extensive networks of shorter cycle routes in Flanders, including World War One routes around Ypers and Pop (Ypres and Poperinge) which make for sobering cycling… Navigation is easy because of the use of Knooppunter (Navigation Nodes)
•    Not to be outdone, the French-speaking Belgians have set up the Ravel network of cycle routes, one of which starts in Lille with good access from Eurostar trains and ends in Wiltz to the north of Luxembourg, a day’s ride, or an hour or so on the train from Luxembourg city, with access to TGVs, ECs and ICs to Paris and/or Brussels. Two other ways into the network start in Brussels.
Interestingly both of the websites mentioned above profess to give information about cycling in Belgium, but do not offer any information about the other website.

Tickets
SNCB/NMBS offers an excellent range of special low price tickets. As mentioned earlier there are many incentives offering cheap travel by train in Belgium, some of which can be used by foreign tourists. Examples include:
•    Children’s tickets: Children from the age of 0 to 12, accompanied by a traveller over the age of 12 who is holder of a valid ticket (max. 4 children per person) can travel free of charge in 1st and 2nd class without any time limitation. Children from the age of 0 to 12, unaccompanied, can travel in both classes at a 50% reduction in the price.
•    Under 26 year olds can use the Go Pass 1 to travel anywhere in Belgium for €6, except Brussels Airport which is surcharged to pay for a new airport link.
•    Anybody can travel on a Weekend ticket outward and return, 1st or 2nd class, and receive a 50% discount. Decide what day you want to leave (Friday after 19.00, Saturday or Sunday) and you return when you want on the Friday (after 19.00), Saturday or Sunday of the same weekend. In addition, you can return from a station other than the one where your outward journey ended, as long as you mention this when you’re buying your ticket. (Only possible for Weekend tickets purchased in a station and on the train, but not online). You needn’t do this if the return station in question is one of nine seaside resorts.
•    The Senior ticket costs €6 for a day return journey in 2nd class and €13.00 in 1st class to any destination in Belgium. The Senior ticket is valid year round:
•    Monday through Friday: after 09:00am
•    Saturday and Sunday: no timetable restrictions
•    Except in July and August when it is not valid on Saturday and Sunday.
•    Between two Belgian stations (frontier points excluded) on IC, IR, L, P, CR and ICT domestic trains as well as on conventional EC international trains. What frontier points seem to mean is that if travelling across the Belgian border you book to the station before the border and buy standard tickets for the trip across the border.
Buying a ticket for trains in Belgium or on an international train leaving Belgium?, you can use the Belgian Railways website: www.belgianrail.be/en/Default.aspx
The website is divided into two parts, domestic and International.
The Belgium Railways International website is programmed to push you towards high speed trains, so if you are taking a bike – unless you have a folding bike or you are prepared to partly dismantle your bike and pop it in a bike bag – it is better to use www.voyage-sncf.com by phone: 08448 484 064 (in the UK), Mon-Fri, 09:00-19:00 Saturday, 09:00-18:00, as bike spaces can’t be booked online . Up to date information can be found under the online link: https://uk.voyages-sncf.com/en/#/
Once in Belgium you can also buy tickets from ticket offices and ticket machines on stations.

Bicycle Tickets?
There are two domestic bicycle tickets:
•    a one way trip using the €5 ‘cycle card & tandem card’ for a bicycle/tandem (plus a trailer).
•    a ‘one-day card’ (libre-parcours d’un jour), which lets you take your bicycle/tandem (plus a trailer) on the train for €8 all day long anywhere in the country.
You can buy the former online from the domestic website, but not the latter. The tickets should be purchased before getting on the train. They can be bought from Belgian Rail ticket offices and ticket machines. There is one exception: Aachen in Germany like many border stations counts as a domestic station for Belgium, but is not possible to buy Belgian bike tickets from the machines in the station. One needs to buy one on the train and pay a small extra charge.
International bicycle tickets valid in more than one country cost €12 for a bicycle and €24 for a tandem.

Getting you, your bike and your gear on a train
It would appear that Brussels Midi and Brussels Nord stations are convenient places to unload or load your bicycle in Brussels. Unloading and loading at Brussels Central, Brussels Chapelle or Brussels Congres is very difficult, if not impossible according to SNCB/NMBS.
Some years ago we spent some time in Mechelen on a round trip through Flanders and because we’d lost half a day due to a broken spoke, we decided to take a train for 50 km or so. We bought tickets for ourselves and the bikes and then waited on the platform for our train. We stood roughly at the ideal spot on the platform, i.e. where we expected the middle of the train to arrive. The train arrived and when it stopped, a hand appeared out of a door at the head of the train and waved us on. We ran up the platform and realised that the entrance was at chest height. Neither of us are dwarfs but we are vertically challenged. The conductor helped us lift the bikes on to the train and we fastened them to the wall. There was room for a few bikes. Obviously the space available is dependent on the rolling stock.

Europe by bike, Belgium - Maas ferry

Schelde Ferry on the kind of day when you want to ring in sick and go cycling

Ferries and river steamers in Belgium
There are small ferries on the Schelde offering transport across the river for cyclists.

Diversions
We enjoyed the Flanders Route some years ago. Eastern Belgium is hillier than one imagines. The food, especially the chips and the chocolate are superb. They give you enough calories to climb the hills.

 

 

 

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Europe by Bike – Austria

Europe with Bike – Austria

The Austrian standard gauge network is about 5,700 km in length. Map The OeBB – Österreichische Bundesbahn, Austrian Federal Railways, runs several hundred mainline passenger trains and goodness knows how many regional and local trains daily, and it is bicyclist-friendly. Bicycles can be carried in practically all trains including ‘railjet’ high speed trains too (see below). Tickets can be purchased from the usual agents and online: http://www.oebb.at/en/index.jsp.
Travelling to Austria is described in ‘Taking your bicycle by bus, train and ship across Europe’.

Train Types

A to B Austria - Railjet High Speed TrainRailjet
The ÖBB railjet high speed trains now connect major centres in Austria, as well as its neighbouring countries with high speed trains running at top speeds of 230 km/h: Vienna via Salzburg, Innsbruck and Bregenz to Zurich, via Graz and Klagenfurt to Villach or Budapest – Vienna – Munich. Some of the latter trains run on to Stuttgart, Mannheim or Frankfurt/Main. The railjet trains have also run from Graz via Vienna and Brno to Prague at two-hourly interval since December 2014.
There are three classes: Economy, First and Premium (25 Euros plus First Class fare*). Until now, no bikes have been allowed except folders and even then only in a bag. Each of the 51 Railjet trains is being modified to take five bicycles. At the moment several railjet trains a day on the Austrian services and also to Zurich in Switzerland offer bike slots. By the end of 2016 all of these trains will take bicycles, but probably not the trains running into Germany. Deutsche Bahn which has fought and still is fighting tooth and nail against putting bike slots on the ICE German high speed trains does wish to demonstrate that high speed trains and bicycles are compatible.
* For the extra cost you not only get leather seats and more legroom, but more importantly, you are addressed as Herr or Frau Doktor or even Herr Professor. The Austrians are big on titles.

A to B - Austrian Federal Railways InterCity Train

Austrian Federal Railways InterCity Train © ÖBB

InterCity Trains
EC and IC trains link major centres. The majority carry accompanied bicycles. Reservation is necessary.

REX/R/S-Bahn
Local and regional passenger trains always take bicycles, but reservation is not possible.

A to B Austria - ÖBB IC

ÖBB IC © ÖBB

Westbahn
Westbahn is a private railway company running trains from Vienna to Salzburg via Linz. There is an hourly service for much of the day. Standard fares are often cheaper than OeBB fares. The single passenger fare on Westbahn from Vienna to Salzburg is 24.90 Euro. A bicycle costs 5 Euro, if pre-booked, and 10 Euro for a ticket bought on the train. The equivalent OeBB fares are between 24 and 52 Euro + 10% surcharge for a bicycle. Tickets can be bought in Trafiken (tobacconists) in Austria, online from www.westbahn.at and on the trains. As usual tandems are not carried. OeBB and other state railway companies’ tickets are not valid. Travel times are similar for both OeBB and Westbahn.
If one wishes to travel onto Munich using a Westbahn train, bear in mind that it is necessary to change in Salzburg to a German regional train. It is not possible to buy these tickets on the Westbahn train, and it is better to buy them before you join the Westbahn, as the connection in Salzburg is only ten minutes. The cost of a Salzburg – Munich standard ticket is 30.70 Euro plus 5 Euro per bicycle at the time of writing. The combined cost of these two tickets Vienna-Salzburg and Salzburg-Munich is much higher that the Sparscheine Europa tickets offered by OeBB and discussed below. However Westbahn has a number of special offers which can be found on the company’s website.

Popular Cycling Areas in Austria
The most popular cycling route in Austria is the Danube Valley. It is very popular, so be warned. The Austrian section of the Danube starts in Passau in Germany on the Austrian border and runs down to Vienna and a little way beyond.
A particular favourite of ours is the Tauern Route from the Krimml waterfall near Zell-am-See to Salzburg and on to Passau. It is a pleasant week’s cycling on well signposted tracks with good Alpine views but little climbing, just as we like it.

Tickets
Tickets can be purchased from the usual agents and online: www.oebb.at/en/index.jsp. ÖBB’s ticket pricing policy has all the clarity of a discount airlines’ marketing policy.
ÖBB offers a cheap ticket similar to the DB (German Railways) Schönes Wochenende ticket called Einfach raus. Most of interest for cyclists will be the Einfach raus Radticket which includes bicycle tickets. It costs 42 Euro for two persons and 54 Euros for up to 5 people, valid for local and regional trains, after 09:00 until 03:00 the next morning from Monday to Friday,  and all day weekends and public holidays.
Lower price special offer ticket with restrictive conditions are available for foreign destinations. There are a limited number of Sparscheine cheap tickets for internal and international travel starting at 9 Euro for some internal trips and 19 Euro for international trains. These tickets limit travellers to a specified train, but are a bargain if one can plan ahead.

Getting you and your bike on a train
This service does not come free of charge. Bicycle tickets on inland trains cost 10% of the second class fare, at least two Euro. In long distance trains cyclists will also need to reserve a bike slot which costs 3 Euro if booked online and 3.50 Euro if booked from a ticket office. An international bicycle ticket costs 12 Euro. As usual, tandems, recumbents and bicycles with 29” wheels and larger can only be carried in special luggage vans. These cannot be booked online.
It is not possible to reserve a bike slot on local, regional or suburban trains. Bicycles can only be carried on these trains if enough room is available. Although dismantled or folded bikes packed in box or bag travel for free, they must fit into the luggage space. However in our experience it is often better if travelling for say an hour or so within Austria to take local trains as opposed to long distance trains as they often offer low level loading rather than the ‘Eiger North Wall steps’ on many Austrian long distance train carriages.

Ferries and Ships
ÖBB run ships on Lake Constance west of Bregenz. These take bikes by the container load.
There are not as many services on the Danube as on the Rhine, but Brandner (www.ms-austria.at/partner/brandner/) does run trips from Melk to Krems through what the company describes as the prettiest part of the Danube.

Diversions
We went to Toblach/Dobaccio one winter’s day and were most impressed by the run from Munich to Innsbruck and then the climb up the Brenner Pass. This is followed by the high speed descent down the Brenner and the bar on Franzenfeste station, but that is another story and in Italy.

 

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Lohner LEA

Lohner LEANovember 2015:
Austrian company Lohner intends to introduce an electric retro-styled scooter, the LEA, from October 2015. Battery is 3.6kWh Lithium-ion, and the 6kW motor is claimed to give a top speed of 53mph.
There is no suggestion of British distribution as yet.

www.lohner.at

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A to B 91 Blog, August 2012 – Electric Bike Special

atob91-electric-bike-special

 

 

 

 

FIRST PUBLISHED August 2012
Electric Bike Special

The British do love to back the underdog, something we have much experience of here at A to B. In the early days of electric bicycles, we fought against profound scepticism from the likes of the Cyclist Touring Club, whose officers hooted with derision that the heavy, cumbersome machines then available might be the future of cycling.
Eventually a few ‘serious’ cyclists began to come round, and today there’s a specialist electric bike magazine funded entirely by industry advertising, and electric bikes make occasional appearances in the Sustrans, LCC and CTC in-house magazines.The general view in 2012 is that electrics are a GOOD THING, even amongst those who wouldn’t dream of riding one if both their legs fell off.
Watching a new industry unfold has been a bit like watching the first stirrings as a volcano rises out of the ocean. First a nasty smell of sulphur, then a remorseless rise, then a more relaxed consolidation phase.You
might think that twenty years on, we pioneers would be sipping metaphorical pina coladas on the sandy shores of this tropical island, but in 2012, the industry is far from secure, and – in the UK at least – the whole
edifice is threatening to gurgle back under the sea.

What’s Gone Wrong?
Batteries have to be the primary issue. Since the arrival of lithium-ion technology in 2003, or thereabouts, the things have proved expensive and unreliable.At first A to B followed the line spun by the importers: it was new technology and within a decade the batteries would cost pennies and last for ever. Ah, one feels so foolish now! Nine years in, the batteries cost from £300 to well over £1,000, and the vast majority fitted to cheaper bikes fail within two, or at most, three years. Do the maths, and you’ll appreciate why the industry has stalled.
But we keep hearing that electric bicycle sales have exploded in Germany and the Netherlands? Well, yes, but these are very different markets.The Dutch in particular have always been prepared to invest in decent, well-equipped bikes and pay accordingly. For our pragmatic Continental cousins, baggage about ‘cheating’ from Lycra-clad sportsters is unknown – an electric bike simply makes day-to-day chores like commuting and dragging five children to school easier and faster.The Dutch have never balked at the concept of paying 2,000 Euros for a fully-equipped bike, and the German or Japanese batteries on these quality bikes have been less troublesome.
In the UK, where transport means ‘car’, and bicycle means ‘leisure’, decent bikes have never sold in any numbers. Electric bikes did start to take off here (although never in Dutch volumes), but the primary market was and remains cheap-and-cheerful clunkers, fresh from the China Sea.These were mostly heavy and crude, with batteries that failed within months, rather than years.
Most of these bikes lasted until the first battery conked out, although a few brave (or gullible) purchasers soldiered on until the £400 replacement bit the dust. A few far-sighted distributors offered two-year battery guarantees, and some subsidized the cost of replacement batteries, but most took a short-term view and hoped for the best.
Current sales are very hard to judge. According to the electric bike trade association BEBA, sales hit a record 15,000 units in 2009, with a prediction of 50% growth for 2010. Did it happen? We may never know…
BEBA has provided no figures for 2010, 2011, or indeed 2012. One suspects – on the rickety evidence that few manufacturers are willing to discuss numbers – that sales have dropped dramatically in the current recession.The only clear evidence comes from the electric motorcycle world, where figures are compiled by the MCIA. Electric motorcycles are currently in freefall, having peaked at over 550 units in 2009, before falling back to a pitiful 402 in 2011.

Bottom End
Paradoxically, for those looking to purchase a cheap and reliable electric bike, the best advice is to go really cheap, and spend no more than £300 to £500 on a lead-acid battery clunker.Your neighbours won’t be casting covetous glances over the fence at your  Woosh Angel, Thompson Euro-Classic or Alien Ocean Tornado, but it won’t have cost you much, and when the battery fails in a year or two, you can replace the cells yourself for less than a hundred quid.A bike like this may be single-speed, and it will certainly be heavy and crude, but it will keep grunging from A to B for many years, without any nasty financial surprises. Sadly the classic Powabyke 6-speed, in production since the early 1990s, has been quietly deleted.Very sad – a bit like waving farewell to your favourite hippo.
More problematic are the great mass of low-end Chinese lithium-ion bikes, on which the battery clock will
already be ticking before you take it out of the box. Oddly enough, the bargains of 2010 and 2011, including such brands as Byocycles, Juicy Bikes and AS have mostly gone up in price by 10%-30% in the past year or so, which is hard to explain with the market so weak. It may be a side-effect of the weakness of the pound against the US dollar, but if so, how have other importers kept prices down?
The de facto standard Li-ion battery these days is 10Ah x 36 volts, giving a capacity of about 360 watt/hours… for the first few weeks at least. If you insist on buying a cheap Li-ion bike, go for this relatively large battery on the basis that if you start with 360Wh, the battery will have reasonable oomph for a bit longer, whereas if you start with 200Wh, it could all be over by Christmas.With last year’s cheapies painting themselves out of the picture, the bargain brands for 2012 seem to be Woosh (again) and Sustain.
It makes sense to steer clear of folders, which tend to be heavy, under-batteried, poorly geared, and shod with rubbishy 12-inch or 16-inch tyres. If you must have a folder, the £399 Tesco Boost looks solid enough, and is so cheap it may be worth a try. Otherwise go for a good quality electric conversion on a decent folder, like a Dahon or Brompton, which will cost the best part of a grand more than the Boost, but should work well and fold well.The Nano-Brompton is back, and very good it is too, but there are signs that the reborn Electric Wheel Company is already overwhelmed with orders, resulting in frustration and delay. Brompton itself has gone strangely quiet on its long awaited factory machine, suggesting either technical issues or nervousness about sales.
Dahon’s factory-built Boost is already with us, but it seems to have failed miserably, and is now being heavily discounted from its £2,000 retail price (48% off at Cycle Sense!). If you want to pick up one of these rather heavy, but otherwise well thought through folding electric bike, move quickly, because discounts at that level can’t last for long.
Mind you, David Hon may well keep it in production, if only to score a few points over his son Joshua, whose rival Tern folding bike company has yet to produce an electric-assist, despite early promises that there was one on the way. Maybe Josh should wait and see… on current form most of the folders appear to be heading for disaster.
In August 2010 Avocet Cycles asked very nicely if A to B could remove a website reference to a long expired Viking electric bike, because Avocet was launching an electric range under that brand name. Just two years later, the range has become a single folder, the EGo, now knocked down to £699.
Mobiky has substantially discounted its folders too, but the little bikes have tiny 120Wh batteries and are still listed at £1,200-£1,300, which just doesn’t add up in the current climate. Even the Pininfarina-styled Velosolex can be found for £999, a discount of some £250, giving a one-off opportunity to buy a design classic for a knock-down price.This interesting bike really does deserve better, and with distribution now in the hands of EBCO, it might yet pull round.

Mid Range
Several l familiar names have simply disappeared. Remember Ezee? Once regarded as the fastest growing electric bike brand, it has effectively disappeared from the UK. Izip, the odd American machines with
chain or spoke drives, have disappeared too for now, after being dropped by distributor Moore Large, but they’ve come and gone before, so may well be back. Gone for good one assumes is Green Edge Bikes, which started full of enthusiasm, then disappeared again. Others have actually gone bust: Ultramotor has disappeared, taking junior partner Urban Mover with it.The brand has since been bought by Indian company, Hero Eco, so the best bits may come back, but for now they’re gone.The Technium Privilege, a badge engineered Kalkhoff was imported from Germany by Wiggle for a year or so, but has now quietly disappeared.
Another bit of hardware that seems to be on the way out is the innovative BionX system.
This high-tech electric bike drive was chosen by Trek and others, attracted by the cache of silent power and regenerative braking, but the BionX-equipped machines have not been very successful, and you don’t need to be Sherlock Holmes to deduce why. The Li-ion batteries have been troublesome, and replacements cost
£700 to £1,900.Trek has soldiered on into 2012, but with unsold 2010 and 2011 bikes being discounted far and wide, we’d hazard a guess that the company is planning a stealthy (and expensive) retreat.
Raleigh is in a similar position for very different reasons. Having made the smart decision to badge-engineer the excellent Panasonic-powered bikes produced by its cousin Kalkhoff, Raleigh found itself sold off to Accell, and Kalkhoff suddenly became a competitor. Kalkhoff/Derby have now moved from buying in the Panasonic crank-drive to producing their own Impulse power unit, leaving Raleigh selling a basic 3-speed fitted with last year’s Panasonic. If ever there was an argument for British manufacturing to have some manufacturing
capability, here it is.The British company has been sold by the Americans to the Dutch, and lost the right to put its badges on German bikes. Raleigh retains its Far Eastern Velo-Cite and Velo-Trail brands, but the growth and profits were at the top end, and Raleigh, with its vast dealer network, is now short on bikes to sell.As part of Accell Group it will have access to other electric bike technologies, but most of this is Dutch, and there are no hills in the Netherlands. Once again, the message is clear: keep some development and manufacturing expertise at home…
Several other big ‘manufacturers’ such as Claud Butler have dipped a cautious toe in the electric bike waters by buying in Far Eastern systems, but in most cases the bikes are being discounted in the shops, a situation that can’t go on for long. Another brand widely discounted in 2012 is the East European Gepida, which promised to do battle with the Panasonic-equipped West European brands, using the reborn Yamaha power unit.
Apart from a rather small battery, it’s a decent package, but sales are disappointing and Gepida prices have fallen to £1,400, which is mighty good value.
As at the cheaper end, despite the gloomy, nay catastrophic picture, some manufacturers are cheerfully piling on the £££’s and bumping up prices.The City Free Spirit, a nothing special Chinese brand, is now £1,300, and similar Far Eastern bikes, the Byocycles Ibex and Oxygen E-mate Race, are being advertised for £1,500, well into European roadster territory, while the Lifecycle Mountain Sport Endurance – albeit with a ginormous 1kWh battery – costs £2,000.

Top End
The £2,000 electric bike is now quite commonplace, and the £3,000 barrier has long been breached.At this luxury end, prices are less volatile, but German manufacturer Heinzmann is once again without a UK distributor, presumably because things  didn’t work out with Twike maestro Dr Andreas Schroer.The Electric Transport shops claim to be making direct imports of the Heinzmann Estelle, but with prices starting at a hefty £2,300, one assumes there won’t be many takers.
Others seem to have fallen by the wayside too. The power-assisted versions of the Velorbis Victoria and
Churchill (‘Elechic’) looked interesting when they were launched in 2010, but the bikes simply failed to make an impact.
Kenneth Bødiker of Velorbis insists the Elechic bikes are available to order from 2,045 Euros, but when pressed about where and how a UK customer might get one, he remains silent. The Velorbis failure might have something to do with the company’s decision not to market the electric models using its trademark of sophisticatedly underdressed young ladies.This failure to properly target and market electric bikes seems to be a general issue, particularly where women are concerned, and women should be a key target. Electric bikes are rarely photographed with a rider on board, and when they are, the victim is usually a tubby man, going a bit grey round the edges. Not very aspirational imagery.
A to B’s advice used to be that the better electric bikes started at £1,250, with the 3-speed Swedish-made Monark Eco.This has now gone, and if we ignore the slightly range-challenged Gepida, the cheapest
European crank-drive bicycle now seems to be the Spanish BH-Emotion Xpress 650 at £1,450.To get a decent-size battery you need to shell out £1,700 for the BH Street 650, Kettler Hybritech or Raleigh Dover 3- speed, which of course may not last, depending on the ins and outs of Raleigh-Kalkhoff contractual
arrangements.The Kettler is a Panasonic crank-drive machine, similar to the Raleigh, but with 8-speed hub and halogen lights for the same price. It is nominally promoted by a company in the Midlands, but one gets the impression that electric bicycles are not the most profitable part of the Kettler franchise, so they remain hard to find. A quality service that is easy to find is within your reach at https://www.dlouhygaragedoorrepair.com. Another quality option is Cytronex, the British company making a name for itself by putting power-assist equipment on conventional fast road bikes. Uniquely, Cytronex has stuck with a heavier, but more reliable NiMH battery, which should give at least four or five years service. This conservative stance and modest pricing strategy (prices start at £1,345) may explain why Cytronex is weathering the current storm.
Gazelle’s electric bikes used to be stratospherically expensive, but they too have dropped in price this year, thanks in part to the economies of scale brought about by explosive sales at home in The Netherlands. Sales in the UK remain slow, but with prices for these quality European roadsters starting at £1,485, they will undoubtably pick up.
The award for biggest price fluctuations has to go to Kalkhoff. Four years ago, the Kalkhoff Agattu cost
£1,195, yet earlier this year the range started at £2,095, albeit for a very different machine, with double the battery capacity and a more sophisticated power-assist system.The classic 8-speed Kalkhoff Agattu is now back to £1,895, and 50 Cycles hopes to keep the whole Agattu range below £2,000 for the rest of the year.
The real bargain is the Panasonic-powered Pro Connect S10, now discounted by a breathtaking £800, putting it at a shade under £2,000. A lot of bike for the money.
Should we be paying £2,000 for an electric bike with still unproven battery technology? Yes, if the guarantee is right. Kalkhoff, like most of the bikes in this rarified zone, offers a two-year guarantee, which is adequate if not  spectacularly generous. Other winners at the top end include Bosch, whose excellent power system can now be found on a number of expensive and exclusive bikes, and quality Euro-brands Koga, Sparta and Haibike, which are all distributed by newcomer Just Ebikes of Suffolk. At this end of the market, if you have to ask the price, you should really be looking at something else. All these bikes are reassuringly expensive, although price increases have been relatively modest.

Tricycles
By far the biggest retrenchment has been in the world of electric tricycles. A year or two back, 15 trike manufacturers were selling 25 or so models, half of which cost less than £1,000.Today there are seven brands, 14 individual models, and prices start at £1,040 for Powabyke’s venerable Tryke. As Powabyke has now abandoned lead-acid technology in its bicycles, the Tryke can’t last long, and if it goes, the cheapest tricycle will be the £1,200 Mission Trilogy with a battery half the size of the Tryke’s chunky battery… not good on a heavy tricycle. Quite why the trike market has been so decimated is unclear, but some manufacturers seem to have pulled out altogether, while others have simply given up on the UK, and the remaining handful have bumped up prices in an attempt to stay profitable. Of these, the Di Blasi R34 is a fascinating and unique folding trike, that really will fit into a smallish car, although it now costs £2,470.The best of the rest is probably the tilting Veliac Three at £1,400.We haven’t tried it, but it’s quite light, with a decent sized Li-ion battery.

Bursting Bubble
Has the public really lost confidence in electric bikes, or are the manufacturers simply retrenching under the same recessionary pressures we’re all living with? A bit of both probably.Will the market survive in its current form?
Hard to say. Riding a bicycle with a permanent tailwind is a seductive thrill, but market forces are at work. The worst may not be over.

 

 

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Eco-City

Eco-City electric scooterREVIEW January 2014
Welcome to the Eco-City – the lowest-powered vehicle you can buy in Britain, this side of an electric bicycle. The Eco-City musters just 800 watts, which is less than one of those old one-bar electric fires, let alone e-scooter rivals, most of which offer 1.5-2.0Kw. Performance is so modest that for many cyclists, a pedelec will prove faster away from the lights up to 15mph.

However, the Eco-City has two big advantages over rivals. It’s the cheapest lithium-ion e-scooter on the market, at £1699, though at the time of writing (January 2014) Yamaha is offering a massive £800 cashback deal on its EC-03, making that just £100 more – that isn’t much to pay for the security of such a well known badge and big dealer network. Secondly, the Eco-City has a lift-out battery, with obvious advantages for anyone without a powered-up garage. Only the E-City Emo offers the same feature, and that costs £300 more. Actually, there’s a third reason for buying the Eco-City which stays clean and eco-friendly with Castle Keepers House Cleaning. A replacement battery costs only £499 (the E-City’s is more than twice as much) with an introductory price of just £200. That’s dirt cheap for a lithium-ion battery, and this one is a reasonable 0.96Kwh capacity.

On the road, the downside of that miniscule motor is pedestrian performance. As mentioned, a keen cyclist or pedelec rider will be quicker from a standing start, and although the Eco-City will wind up to an indicated 25-30mph on the flat, it’s soon knocked back by hills. The same is true of many restricted mopeds (including the petrol ones) but at A to B we’d feel safer on a pedelec, which drivers expect to trundle along at bicycle speeds – the Eco City looks like a full-size petrol scooter.

Like all e-scooters, this one is very easy to ride, with an almost silent motor, backed up by good enough brakes and decent suspension. The small 10-inch wheels tend to react badly to potholes and manhole covers. Check out painterly.ie.

Eco-City claims a 30-35-mile range, but like most such claims it’s only on nodding terms with the real world. We managed 18 miles around Swindon, with little life left in the battery by the end. Still, that’s enough for most short commutes and shopping trips that moped-style e-scooters are used for.

Eco-City – The Verdict

While Yamaha is effectively offering its EC-03 for just £1799, that’s the small e-scooter to go for. When that offer expires, then the Eco-City should come into its own, even in Britain’s tiny market for these things. But if you can cope with pedalling and a lower top speed, a good quality pedelec makes more sense than either of them.

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beeching-report

The Great Railway Conspiracy, 2013 edition – Beeching and Beyond

the-great-railway-conspiracy-beechingIn The Great Railway Conspiracy, David Henshaw tackles the Beeching era head-on, as part of the story of Britain’s railways from the late 1940s to the present day. Was there really a conspiracy to humble the rail industry in the 1960s? Leaving the way open for profiteering by car manufacturers, road builders and other member of the so-called ‘road lobby’?

A sorry tale emerges of lost opportunities, deliberate running down of busy services, ‘cooked’ account books and opportunistic intervention by road groups. These pressures left the railways struggling by the early 1980s. Fortunately, the tide was soon to turn, and today passenger numbers are higher than they have ever been, with most lines bulging at the seams, including many that were saved from the Beeching holocaust by political expediency, dedicated campaigners, or – in a few cases – sheer luck.

Henshaw makes the point that without the deliberate run-down of the 1960s – before, during and after Doctor Beeching’s infamous ‘Reshaping’ report – the railway map would look very different today, and the railways even busier than they are. Many lines have reopened in recent years, and these are all identified and discussed, together with potential reopening targets for the future.

Updated for a new era

First published in 1991, ‘The Great Railway Conspiracy’ was reprinted in 1993, and completely revised in 2013. Only the 3rd edition has this cover. Railway enthusiasts will recognise Bombardier’s Class 172. But full marks if you spot that this is Tavistock station, taken from a 1972 photograph! This was four years after closure. Tavistock, of course, is high on the potential reopening list, either as a branch line from Plymouth, or as a major stop on a reopened inland trunk line linking Plymouth with Exeter. Will we see this? Henshaw puts it at No. 4 in his top 30 targets in Chapter 10.

  • A Seminal book on Dr Beeching and his aftermath 
  • Fully rewritten and updated to include details of the latest rail re-openings
  • Clear lessons from the success of reinvigorated and reopened branch lines
  • Top 30 Potential Rail Reopenings identified, listed and analysed
  • Central message – Conspiracy or not, Britain’s railways are thriving as never before. Despite 50 years of cuts, hostile governments and muddled thinking
  • 304 pages, plus numerous maps and photographs, many previously unpublished
  • This is the author’s web page. All copies are signed, with a personal message if required!

BUY NOW – £14.99

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Free Articles on the Web

This page links to a wide variety of articles, first published in A to B magazine, and now available free on our web pages. There are many other links to free articles. See also the A to B Blog, Electric Bike, Electric Motorcycle and Folding Bike zones, plus the Back Numbers page.A to B Free Downloads

Sinclair A-bike versus Mobike Genius
Momentum Model T & Upstart electric bikes (2012)
Dahon Curve SL versus Brompton (2006)
Elecscoot 4 Electric motorcycle (2010)
Fitting Solar PV (2012)
Commuting with the Brompton S2L
Giant Revive Spirit

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Nissan Leaf Electric Car

Nissan Leaf

Tested April 2012
David Henshaw

Full marks to Nissan. Not for producing the Leaf, good though it may be, but for actually providing one for test – the first ‘plug-in’ electric car we’ve been let loose with. There’s a good reason for this long-standing reluctance of manufacturers to let journalists do their worst with electric cars: battery range.When electric cars limped into the modern era in the 1970s they typically had a range of 40 miles or so… That’s improved in the intervening 40 years, but considering the advances in motor, controller and battery technology, not by very much.

Nissan Leaf Electric Car

As Professor Pivot revealed in the last issue, US government boffins have concluded that the Nissan Leaf has a range of 73 miles in mixed driving, and (rather surprisingly) a little more in urban conditions. The New European Driving Cycle puts the range at 109 miles, which sounds decidedly optimistic. Using our long experience of electric bike and trike testing, we decided to find how realistic these figures were, and whether a vehicle with such limited daily range (charging takes around eight hours) could really be useful.

If you’re expecting something akin to a milk float, the Leaf is very much a proper car, looking and feeling pretty much like any other medium-sized hatchback. It has five seats, a relatively big boot (two Bromptons fit with ease) and it weighs 1,500kg (about 11/2 tons), which is on the heavy side for a car of this size, but not outrageously so. The battery and control module only weigh 300kg, and with those chunky bits under the middle of the floor, weight seems to be quite evenly distributed, so there are no serious compromises.

Equipment includes everything you might expect on a car these days, plus a bit more,  from excellent automatic LED headlights to sat-nav and even air conditioning. Air-con is a notoriously power-hungry accessory, particularly so in this case, because heat comes from an electric heater supplied by the main battery, rather than the engine cooling system, as would be the case with a conventional petrol or diesel car. Quite why Nissan needed to fit a full air-conditioning unit on a car with such limited fuel capacity isn’t immediately obvious, but the key market seems to be the US, where such things are expected. Heavy use of the air conditioning can reduce the range by up to 25%, visit hughesairco.com for air conditioning services and tips.

…Heavy use of the air-conditioning can reduce the range by 25%…

Nissan has two clever tricks to reduce this power demand: heated seats (it takes a lot less energy to warm your bum than the whole car), and a heating system that can be commanded by mobile phone to get the interior nice and toasty before the Leaf has been disconnected from its charger in the morning. That’s useful if the charge is complete, but of little benefit if power is simply being diverted from the battery to the heater.

There are several other thirsty accessories which under the circumstances, should be labelled with a range warning (‘turn this on and you may not get home’). That they aren’t is all part of the crafty reinforcement of the message that this is a conventional modern car. Well, it is, but it’s a car that will take eight hours to refuel, should you make even a minor miscalculation. Unfortunately, the need for such things as lights and screen heating is unavoidable – being designed for forced ventilation, the windscreen on the Leaf has a tendency to mist up, and clearing it means using air-con.

On an electric bike, a flat battery is little more than a minor irritant. On a car weighing 11/2 tons, it’s potentially quite a serious issue. For mysterious technical reasons, even towing the Leaf is ruled out, unless you can get the front wheels off the ground, so a flat battery could be very expensive.

On the Road

Nissan Leaf Electric Car Gear Knob

Oddly, the gear knob has to be shifted right and forward for Reverse, and right and rearwards for Drive. The parking brake below is a simple on/off switch

Electric cars are dead easy to operate. In fact, with no engine noise, and none of that familiar ‘starting’ procedure, they’re a bit TOO easy to operate, so Nissan has added a few safety systems to prevent an unexpected departure through your neighbour’s wall when you thought you were turning the radio on. These head-scratchers held us up for twenty minutes until Grandad hit on the solution. The procedure, for anyone interested, is to hold your foot on the brake before pressing the ‘ignition’ button for the first – not the second – time. It becomes second nature once you know how, and you’re then ready to select a gear: Reverse (complete with camera), Drive, or Eco.

Once you’re in a gear, don’t be misled by the near silence, because there’s a lot of  horsepower under your right foot. Ease the accelerator down and the car wafts gently away. At walking pace such things as heater fans and indicators can sound deafeningly loud, but as you go faster, the rumble from the fat 205mm tyres would be loud enough on rough surfaces to mask the sound of a petrol engine, so the lack of engine noise is less obvious.

…don’t be misled by the silence… there’s a lot of horsepower under your right foot…

It’s all very uncanny though. From the outside, the Leaf is as quiet as the quietest car you’ve ever seen waft past. On the inside, with the air-con fans off, radio off and passengers hectored into silent mode, it makes a tiny and rather racy whine, rather like an electric train, but quieter. If you’ve driven a big luxury car with automatic transmission, that’s the sort of feeling, but without the tiny steps between gears you’d expect from an auto box. Drive and Eco appear to do much the same thing, but with the emphasis on acceleration in Drive, and engine braking in Eco. This can make the engine feel a bit sluggish at small throttle openings (a bit of a misnomer in this case), but push a bit harder and the 80 kilowatt motor – 110 horsepower in old-speak – really stomps away, up to a claimed 90mph. We didn’t exceed 60mph, but we did surge quickly and quietly past a Number 10 bus on a steep hill, and the Number 10 is no slouch. We also – embarrassingly – managed to pick up a speeding ticket: 38mph in a 30mph zone. Acceleration is smooth, and apparently relentless, without any of the surges and revvy noises you’d expect from one of those vulgar petrol cars. And that, M’lud, is the case for the defence.

It wouldn’t do to get too excited though. After ten seconds of this sort of thing, you can actually see the range meter ticking off those precious miles, which does tend to focus the mind. It’s also programmed to lose ten miles the moment you turn the air-con on, which will make you turn it straight off again, unless you’re freezing, in which case you won’t care.

Nissan Leaf Electric Car Gear Knob Dashboard

The Leaf displays a lot of information. Above, from left to right, ‘ECO indicator’, speedometer, time and outside temperature. Below, battery temperature, mileometer, power/regeneration display, and the all important fuel gauge and range meter.With a full battery, suggested range is 101 miles… it never was in reality.

There are several economy aids on the dashboard, including a nice graphic bar chart, showing how much energy you’re using (or regenerating), and a rather silly little Christmas tree that does much the same thing, apparently reporting your ‘tree saver’ score back to Nissan, with a little prize for the winner… Big Brother is alive and well. More useful is the range meter next to the fuel gauge, and the very visible speedometer (yes, we should have tried looking at it). Studying the gauges, turning off unnecessary extras, and shouting at passengers when they needlessly motor down a window is called ‘range anxiety’ and if electric cars catch on, it will become the phobia of choice for the chattering classes.

Nissan Leaf Electric Car

Another useful way of putting a few kilowatts in the battery is to make effective use of the regenerative braking. For those who don’t study such things in A to B and elsewhere, regen is the ability to recycle power into the battery by temporarily running the motor as a dynamo. On the Leaf, it kicks in whenever you release the accelerator, feeling rather like a normal car on over-run, and rather more strongly when you press the brake.

This electric braking has some useful side-effects, such as reduced brake wear and maintenance, and it will increase the battery range, but not by very much.When the battery is full, regen is limited, because you obviously can’t top up a full battery. Under these circumstances, the conventional brakes do all the work, turning your lovely speed into useless heat. They do much of the work if you brake hard too, so the technique is to brake early and gently, which is a great economy technique anyway, although not the sort of thing Jeremy Clarkson would be keen on.We’ll give you another tip for nothing: if you live at the top of a hill and own an electric car with an electric heater, don’t turn the heater on when you get in.Wait until you’re descending that long hill, because this will make good use of heat that would otherwise be thrown away in the brakes.

With all the techniques in the world, don’t expect regen to turn the car into a perpetual motion machine, as numerous dippy journalists have already suggested. For a number of tedious electrical, mechanical and chemical reasons, you can’t recycle very much of the energy put into forward motion, so if you see 20% back, you’ll be doing well. Still, it’s better than a poke in the eye with a blunt stick, and those few extra miles might just get you home.

…a fraction of the consumption of a petrol car, but a black hole by electric bike standards…

By way of comparison with the sort of electric bicycles we usually test, we rode – sorry drove – the Leaf around our hilly test circuit, but not to the point of emptying the ‘tank’ – we may be daft, but we’re not that daft. Our potter around this basic circuit of upsy-downy country lanes took 36 minutes at a modest average speed of 221/2mph, partly because of enforced stops on single track sections to pass other cars, which doesn’t usually happen with a bicycle. A run-of-the-mill electric bike will do this circuit in 50 minutes, and a very fast one in 40 minutes, so average speed is not wildly different by electric car.

Fuel consumption is though. Electric bikes rarely consume more than 15Wh/mile, and the best use 10Wh or even less. With a lone driver on board, the Nissan Leaf consumed 365Wh/mile – much less than the typical 1,000Wh/mile of a petrol car, but a vast energy guzzling black hole by electric bike standards. Why so much? The principal issue is weight 1,600kg laden against 100kg or so for the bike. The bike is slower too, which helps, and of course the motor is only putting in half the effort. There are no pedals in a Nissan Leaf.

Overall (see chart), we drove 1421/2 miles in three days, which would equate to about 17,000 miles a year – quite heavy use for an electric car – and we used 49.4kWh at a cost of £7.41. Fuel consumption varied from 397Wh/mile, fully laden at night, to a more frugal 276Wh/mile for a longer, flatter 20-mile cross-country trip. That suggests a theoretical range of 60 to 87 miles, and a practical range of 45 to 70 miles, according to conditions. That fits well with other figures we’ve seen, but falls way short of the 100-mile claims. Maybe we’ve been leaden footed? No. Driving style was decidedly muted, accessories were turned off whenever possible, the heater used sparingly at the meanest 16.5?C setting, and care was taken at every opportunity to minimise energy consumption. If we’d driven in the breakneck style most people adopt on a trip to the shops, range could easily have dropped below 40 miles. Our test car was a year old, and had racked up a decent 6,000 miles, but in motoring terms that should be little more than a gentle running in. Thanks to the great big tyres, heavy construction and power-guzzling bits and pieces, the Leaf is nowhere near as efficient as it could be.

If that all sounds a bit depressing, our brief trial of the Leaf was a very pleasant experience. Range anxiety aside, the ambience of this car is like no other. On open roads or congested urban streets alike, the gentle progress of this car leaves you calm and relaxed. Even in a traffic jam, the lack of noise, fuss and fumes keeps the lid on your frustration. Presumably, if the range issue is ever cracked, electric cars will be a real cure for road rage. In a car as calm and quiet as a reading library, you find yourself increasingly leaving the radio off, and using the heater fan sparingly. Those 1421/2 miles were universally pleasant ones.

Leaf Log-Book

Date Mileage Consumption Day Charge Night Charge
Tuesday PM 13th March 17.9 miles est 370 Wh/mile 6.66 kWh 19.04 kWh
Wednesday AM 14th March 13.5 miles 365 Wh/mile 4.93 kWh
Wednesday PM 14th March 33.7 miles 397 Wh/mile 13.39 kWh
Thursday AM 15th March 19.4 miles 276 Wh/mile 5.36 kWh
Thursday PM 15th March 58.0 miles est 300 Wh/mile
TOTALS 142.5 miles 347k Wh/mile

49.4kWh

NOTE: Power consumption figures include charger losses. Battery capacity is claimed to be 24kW

…plug the charger into the mains, open a hatch, stick the nozzle in… and wait…

Charging

There are three charging options. If you can find a high-output top-up point, the battery can be fast-charged to 80% capacity in a claimed 30 minutes. Brilliant, except that there are currently only 40 or so of these 50 kilowatt charge points in the UK, and the nearest one to us is in Bournemouth, some 30 miles away. Not much use if you’ve got a flat battery. Fortunately, the Leaf can also be charged from a conventional three-pin socket, either on a 20-hour trickle, or a nine-hour fast charge, but there are a few provisos. Nissan insist that you must not use an extension cable to do this, because there will be a lot of power passing down the line. Well, in an emergency you can, provided it’s a good quality 13-amp cable, and it’s fully unwound from the drum. If it isn’t, the wire will get hot, and it really could start a fire in the middle of the night.The same is true for your domestic wiring – if anything isn’t up to scratch, the Leaf charger will find it, so be very cautious.

Nissan Leaf Electric Car Plug

The charger plugs in through a little hatch in front of the bonnet, which doesn’t need to be open.The socket on the left will accept an industrial-scale fast charger, if you can find one in the middle of the night. The same is true for your domestic wiring – if anything isn’t up to scratch, the Leaf charger will find it, so be very cautious.

To charge, you simply plug the charger into the mains, open a hatch in the front of the Leaf, stick the charge nozzle in, then wait and wait… It’s a measure of how much power these machines consume that charging takes pretty well everything the socket can provide (2,500 watts – about the same as an electric kettle) and it keeps taking it for anything up to ten hours. No big problem overnight, and theoretically possible while you’re at work, but it’s a lot of plug-in time. For example, the power used on our 36-minute, 131/2-mile test circuit took two hours to replenish, so you really do need to count the miles and calculate your charge times with care, or you will sooner or later get stuck. Unlike an electric bike, which can be pedalled, pushed or stuck in a car boot, there’s no plan B for getting home.

Nissan Leaf Charging

It may be time-consuming, but charging really does cost peanuts. Being good citizens, we pay about 15p per kilowatt/hour for 100% green energy (if you’re less fussy, your power will cost less), and a full ‘tank’ would cost us £3.60. Not bad, but of course it only gets you 60 miles. By way of comparison, a small diesel car would cost about £6.50 to drive the same distance. Fill the tank with diesel, of course, and it would go for another 400 miles without refuelling, should you be so inclined.

It’s worth pointing out that we have solar panels on the roof capable of giving an output very close to the demands of the Leaf charger, so if we plugged the car in at dawn on a very sunny day in June, it would be brim-full of free solar energy by evening. Great in theory, but in our March trial solar energy was a bit thin on the ground, and for practical reasons, most of our charging was done at night.

…according to the internet soothsayers, a battery pack might cost £20,000…

Another interesting futuristic option is to equip your house with plenty of solar panels and a wind turbine or two, and go entirely off-grid, using the car as a reservoir for shortterm energy storage. This is entirely practical, but only possible if the car can be plugged in most of the time, and with the heaviest household energy demand in the evening, the car is liable to have a flat battery in the morning. A slight variation is to keep the grid connection and use the car as a buffer to help the energy supply company absorb peaks and troughs of production and demand, the car communicating with the generating station and vice-versa. The storage capacity of hundreds of thousands of electric cars would reduce the need for new generating capacity, and fit very well with a greener generation portfolio, peaks and troughs in sun, wind and rain being notoriously hard to forecast.

This so-called Vehicle to Grid (V2G) option would save the electricity utilities so much by reducing peak demand, there are serious suggestions that they would subsidise electric car owners to do it… an unexpected bonus.

Nissan Leaf Boot

The Leaf is quite a big car – a full five seater, with plenty of room for two Bromptons in the boot

Conclusion

Take our word for it, the electric car has arrived. This one is plush, quiet, powerful and rather classy in a bulbous sort of way. Unfortunately, battery technology still lags some years behind the motor and control software. If you think lithium-ion batteries for electric bikes are expensive, spare a thought for electric car owners. The good news is that Nissan guarantees the battery to maintain 80% capacity for up to five years or 62,500 miles (100,000km), which is quite a leap of faith, but not quite on a par with the eight year/100,000-mile warranty in the USA, where the car is also some 30% cheaper.Why?

The usual motley crowd of internet soothsayers are claiming that a battery pack might cost £20,000, after Nissan UK boss Andy Palmer admitted that the 48 individual battery modules might cost as much as £400 each. Nissan has responded by saying that it assumes (we’ve heard this before somewhere) the modules won’t fail together, and that – market forces being what they are – the cost is bound to tumble. Having watched Li-ion battery prices since they first arrived, we’re not so sure.What if one module fails before the five years is up, and the other 47 fail just afterwards? It really could happen. And Nissan might not pay out at all. The battery warranty will be invalidated if the battery is left discharged for more than 14 days, unnecessarily charged on a daily basis, subject to extremes of temperature, or immersed in ‘water or fluids’. Drive through one flood in those five years and you’re on your own. Big Brother knows exactly what you’re up to.

It’s difficult to predict, but we’d be very surprised if battery depreciation didn’t amount to £2,000 a year, or somewhere in the region of 20p per mile for a 10,000-mile a year user.As battery depreciation goes, that’s quite good going, but it’s four times the cost of the electricity.

Suddenly that diesel hatchback looks very cheap to run. It might well have a better resale value too. The uncertainty over battery life and replacement cost is bound to have a negative impact on the value of a five-year-old Leaf.

The cost of batteries and other specialised technology has bumped up the purchase price of the Leaf to a staggering £30,990, although the Government will chip in £5,000 (why don’t they subsidise bicycles and scooters too?), leaving the proud new owner just under £26,000 out of pocket. That’s a lot of money, and it’s quite hard to picture these

Nissan Leaf Electric Car Batteries

The 48 lithium-ion battery modules live under the floor – unobtrusive, but the boot is a bit short and the rear legroom limited.The modules can be replaced individually potential consumers.This is a car that can be driven more or less cross-county rather than cross-country, once a day. From Dorchester we could just about motor down to Lyme Regis, up to Sturminster Newton or across to Poole. Alternatively, we could beetle about on local errands, but we couldn’t do both in the same day.

…the clan Henshaw looks like Nissan’s prototypical family…

On paper, the clan Henshaw looks like Nissan’s prototypical green-tinged nuclear family, but for us the figures just don’t add up. Poole is quicker and much cheaper by train, even for a family of four, and in the other direction, Lyme can be reached very cheaply, but rather slowly, by Number 31 bus. For travelling north into the desolate interior, an electric car does sound like a practical option, but when we can hire one of those penny-pinching diesels for £30 a day, or buy one outright for a few thousand pounds, the Leaf starts to look pretty expensive especially if you take into account tax for digital nomads and so on.

We predict running costs at a hefty 85.5p per mile. That assumes mileage of 10,000 a year, full vehicle depreciation over ten years, battery life of five years (and a relatively optimistic replacement cost of £300 per module), the cheapest insurance quote we could find (some companies are really ripping off electric car owners) and capital and servicing costs based on AA figures for similarly sized (but cheaper) petrol cars. Incidentally, electricity comes out at only 3.9p per mile, less than 5% of the total.

A straw poll of friends, relatives and passersby revealed a great deal of interest (‘It’s a proper car! I thought it would be a box!’), but considerable scepticism once the costs and weaknesses were revealed: the potential customers either drove a lot and wouldn’t dream of going electric, or they did short eco-journeys, and already cycled or electric biked locally, keeping a car for the sort of long trips the Leaf couldn’t begin to shake a stick at. Most people were pleasantly surprised that it could be recharged through a normaldomestic plug, but profoundly disappointed that a quick plug-in at home wouldn’t have it hurtling down the motorway at 70mph. All quoted long trips (Coventry, Cornwall, London) that would make it impractical to own.

Nissan Leaf Electric Car - Under Bonnet

As elsewhere, the stylists have given the underbonnet layout a familiar look to keep nervous purchasers onside. Note the conventional lead-acid battery for powering 12-volt ancillaries

So who does Nissan think will buy them? Early evidence from America suggests that the typical Leaf buyer is a Yuppy: a college graduate, tech-savvy home-owner in their 40s, earning $125,000 a year. It seems a significant number of these eco-cool baby-boomers drive some 25 miles to work, and in the US at least, enough of them figure that a $30,000 Leaf is the way to go.

Both here and in the States, the green movement is getting quite hot under the collar about perceived anti-electric media bias. We’re as pro-electric as anyone, but the figures just don’t seem to add up.We’d much rather see a battery leasing option, more or less halving the car’s purchase cost to £15,000, plus a leasing charge of, say, £2,000 a year on the batteries. This would do wonders for the resale value, and help owners make better sense of running costs. More importantly, with lithium battery technology improving by the month, it would leave the way open to fit a new upgraded pack as and when the technology is available.

Specification

Nissan Leaf £30,990 (less £5,000 UK government grant)
Weight Car 1,220kg Battery 300kg Total 1,520kg (11/2 tons)
Battery Li-ion
Claimed Capacity 24,000 watt/hours
Replacement Cost Unknown
Max Range 66-87 miles
Full Charge <10hrs
Power Consumption 328Wh/mile
Running Costs 86.5p per mile
UK Distributor Nissan UK www.nissan.co.uk tel 0800 0270075 email evuk@nissan-services.eu

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Folding bikes

Folding Bike Price Guide (UK)

Folding bikesThis page used to list all non-electric folding bikes. Keeping the list up-to-date became increasingly difficult, as brands exploded, and prices fluctuated wildly, both on and off the web. In May 2017, we decided reluctantly to drop the ‘Under £500’ table altogether and replace it with a ‘wish list’ to help you make your own judgement.

UK Folding Bike Under £500

Wish List:
Weight Under 12kg
Frame: Alloy
Gears: 3-spd Hub
Wheel size: 20-inch
Equipment: Rear rack, mudguards

Price
A higher price is a very poor guide to quality, so look for the best spec at the cheap end before reluctantly opting to pay more. It is still feasible to get a decent bike for less than £200

Weight
Obviously go for the lightest bike you can find, but treat all manufacturers figures with caution. Very few distributors bother checking such things, so the quoted figure will usually be something jotted down on the back of an envelope by the Chinese manufacturer. Tipping point for weight is 12kg – anything genuinely under this weight is OK in this price range, while anything over will be hard for most people to carry far. Alloy frames are usually lighter than steel, but not always! A well designed steel bike will weigh less than a poorly designed alloy one.

Wheel Size
With the better quality, pricier bikes, 16-inch wheels are quite acceptable, but at this cheap end, go for 20-inch. Cheap smaller wheelers with slow tyres, poor geometry and excess weight need all the help they can get, and all things being equal, 20-inch tyres will roll better than 16-inch

Gears
The vast majority of these bikes are fitted with very cheap derailleur gears. These have a limited life, and cannot usually be repaired. As a rough guide, the more gears, the better the quality, so 6 is poor and 9 is good (with a front shifter, 18 gears is poor and 27 is good), but there are exceptions.
If you can’t afford a hub gear, a single speed can be very good for shorter journeys, and there’s less weight and nothing to go wrong. For more serious use, go for hub gears if you can find them.
Hub gears are a little heavier than derailleurs, but they last forever, need virtually no maintenance, and can be regeared to suit your personal preference. A 3-speed hub is much better than a cheap 6-speed derailleur, and if you can find a 5- or 7-speed hub in this price range (unlikely), you are in folder nirvana

Suspension
Really, seriously, don’t think about it with a cheap bike. Cheap suspension won’t work well, and it will add a great deal of weight that you will have to lug around. You’ll regret it forever

Equipment
All equipment adds weight, but makes the machine much more practical. A rear rack is a must, as are mudguards. Lights are lovely, but very rare on cheaper bikes

Branding
In the internet age, branding has ceased to have much meaning. At this cheaper end of the market, most bikes come from Vietnam or China, where countless brands are churned out in the same factory using the same crummy components. It makes sense to go with a High Street brand if you can, because you’ll get some back-up when it goes wrong, but don’t seriously expect the hip young dudes at Halfords to know any more about folding bikes than the kindly till-assistant at Tescos, so the actual brand doesn’t really matter

Recent deletions: Mezzo (all models), Bike Friday (all models)

 

UK Folding Bike Over £500

Manufacturer & Model (1)
PRICE(3) Wheels Gears Gear(3) Frame & Weight Comment
Strida LT Circa £500 16″ 1 Alum 10kg Only seems to be available from Velorution of London or online from European shops.
Strida MAS Edition review
Tern Link D7i £500 20″ 7 Hub Alum 14kg Big discount from retail price
Montague X50 MTB £522 26″ 3×6 Der Alum 15kg
Bickerton
Junction 1707 Country
£529 20″ 7 Der Alum 12kg Badge-engineered Tern with derailleur
Bickerton
Junction 1707 City
£529 20″ 7 Hub Alum 14kg Badge-engineered Tern with 7-speed Nexus hub
Montagu Urban £540 28″ 7 Der Alum 12kg Halfords Price
Ridgeback Attaché £540 20″ 7 Hub Alum 12kg
Giant Halfway 2
£549 20″ 7 Der Alum 13kg Now quite an expensive bike
Dahon Mu Uno £560 20″ 1 Alum 10kg Very light, single speed and coaster brake
Dahon Speed P8 Fire £513 20″ 8 Der Alum 12kg Available at Fudges only in-store
Giant Halfway 2 City
£599 20″ 7 Der Alum 13kg
Dahon Curve D3 £599 16″ 3 Hub Alum 12kg
Strida SX £599 18″ 1 Alum 10kg Only seems to be available from Velorution of London or online from European shops.
Bickerton Docklands 1824 Country
£579 26″ 3×8 Der Alum 14kg Badge-engineered Tern
Tern Verge P9 £635 20″ 9 Der Alum 11kg
Xootr Swift £749 16″ 8 Der Alum 11kg
Dahon Visc P18 £720 20″ 9 Der Alum 12kg Neos derailleur
Montagu Paratrooper MTB £720 26″ 3×8 Der Alum 13kg
Di Blasi R22 £736 20″ 7 Der Steel 13kg Heavy, but quite a practical folder
Dahon Mu P27 £740 20″ 3×9 Hub/Der Alum 13kg
Tern Eclipse P18 £765 20″ 2×9 Der Alum 13kg
Brompton M1E £770 16″ 1 Steel 10kg Cheapest Brompton variant
Montague Swissbike X50 £800 26″ 3×6 Der Alum 15kg
Di Blasi R22S £836 20″ 7 Der Stainless 13kg Marine version of Italian folding bike
Montague Paratrooper Pro MTB £882 26″ 3×9 Der Alum 13kg Halfords Price
Brompton M3L £895 16″ 3 Hub Steel 12kg Representative price of popular variant
Brompton S2L £895 16″ 2 Der Steel 11kg Representative price of popular variant
Strida Evo £899 18″ 3 Hub Alum 13kg Only seems to be available from Velorution of London or online from European shops.
Birdy World Sport £999 18″ 8 Der Alum 12kg Entry level Birdy
Riese & Müller Frog £999 16″ 8 Hub Alum 12kg End of line discount
Dahon Speed Pro TT £950 20″ 3×7 D + H Alum 12kg BIG end of line discount
Pashley Moulton TSR2 £995 20″ 2 Hub Steel 13kg Separable frame
Airnimal Joey Sport £1149 24″ 8 Der Steel 11kg Entry-level Airnimal
Tern Verge X10 £1150 20″ 10 Der Alum 10kg More realistically priced
Montague Swissbike X70 £1200 26″ 3 x 10 Der Alum 12kg
Pacific IF Reach White £1200 20″ 18 Der Alum 12kg Fudges seem to be the only dealer
Birdy World Comfort £1289 18″ 7 Hub Alum ?kg NEW in 2014
Tern Verge S11i £1280 20″ 11 Der Alum 12kg Big discount
Airnimal Joey Explore £1299 24″ 27 Der Steel 13kg 507mm rims allow chunkier tyres. Explore Drop £200 extra
Birdy Light £1379 18″ 8 Der Alum 11kg New in 2014 and a popular model
Airnimal Joey Commute £1399 24″ 8 Der Steel 14kg 507mm rims allow chunkier tyres
Brompton S2L-X £1465 16″ 2 Der Steel/Titanium 10kg Representative price of popular variant. Modest price increase
Brompton M3L-X £1465 16″ 3 Hub Steel/Titanium 11kg Representative price of popular variant. Modest price increase
Birdy City Premium £1499 18″ 8 Hub Alum 12kg  
Di Blasi R32 TRICYCLE £1540 20″ 5 Der Steel 22kg Heavy, and undergeared, but wow, what a folder!
Brompton P6R-X £1585 16″ 6 Hub/Der Steel/Titanium 12kg Representative price of popular variant. Modest price increase
Birdy Touring £1549 18″ 8 Der Alum 12kg
Crosshead SF1A Sport £1800 20″ 10 Der Alum 14kg Interesting new British compact sports folder
Birdy Speed £1889 18″ 9 Der Alum 10kg
Airnimal White Rhino £1899 24″ 8 Der Steel 14kg Big price increase
Pacific IF Mode £1900 26″ 2 Geared Crank Alum Innovative folder from Pacific, fitted with Schlumpf SpeedDrive
Crosshead AF1A or TF1A £1950 20″ 10 Der Alum 13kg All-Terrain and Touring versions of this new British folder
Airnimal Chameleon Performance Sport £1999 24″ 2×10 Der Steel 10kg
Birdy Speed Disc £2149 18″ 9 Der Alum 10kg
Airnimal Road Rhino £2199 20″ 3×9 Der Steel 12kg
Airnimal Chameleon Ultra £2349 24″ 20 Der Steel 10kg
Airnimal Joey Explore Elite £2499 24″ 14 Hub Steel 14spd Rohloff hub version. 507mm rims allow chunkier tyres.
Crosshead Race RF1A £2700 20″ 20 Der Alum 13kg Prospective Race version of new British folder
Birdy Rohloff £2739 18″ 14 Hub Alum 12kg Top end Birdy – very expensive
Birdy Rohloff Disc £2999 18″ 14 Hub Alum 12kg Absurdly expensive
Airnimal Chameleon Ultima £3349 24″ 20 Der Steel 9kg Big Price Increase
Airnimal Black Rhino £3199 24″ 14 Hub Steel 14kg Rohloff 14spd hub model

Folding Bike Manufacturers or UK dealers/distributors

The comments relate to our own experience of users in the aqua paradise ca, with manufacturers or local UK distributors where one exists. As a general rule, a company that supplies a good product will be open and helpful with the press, and give good service and back-up. The others are something of an unknown quantity, but if you think we’ve been unfair, do let us know…

Airnimal
Completely uncommunicative
Airnimal Designs Ltd, 61 Mulberry Close, CAMBRIDGE CB4 2AS (difficult to discover this!)
01954 782020
e-mail not given


Ammaco
Has never contacted us
01268 762616 (unable to verify this)
global.star@btinternet.com (unable to verify this)


Argos
Never responds to emails
Larger Argos stores


AS Bikes
Only contacted us once, when they were starting out
Coppice Close, Leamington Road, Ryton on Dunsmore, COVENTRY CV8 3FL
024 7630 3228
contact@asbikes.co.uk


Bicycles4U
Has now been in touch
Kaitek Trading Ltd, c/o Sterling Power Products, Unit 8 Wassage Way, Hampton Lovett Industrial Estate, DROITWICH WR9 0NX
01905 778751
info@bicycles4u.com


Birdy, Frog
Always friendly and helpful
Riese und Müller GmbH, Haasstraße 6, 64293 DARMSTADT, Germany
+49 6151 366860
team@r-m.de


Brompton
Dramatic growth has removed all the human contact… inevitable
Brompton Bicycle Ltd, Kew Bridge DC, Lionel Road South, BRENTFORD, Middlesex TW8 9QR
020 8232 8484
info@brompton.co.uk


Buy Buy
CLOSED DOWN


Classic/Kentex
Helpful, but rather grudgingly so
Moore Large & Co Ltd, Grampian Buildings, Sinfin Lane, DERBY, DE24 9GL
01332 274200
sales@moorelarge.co.uk


Claude Butler
No online sales facility
Claude Butler Ltd, Bridge Street, BRIGG, North Lincs DN20 8PB
01652 656000


Crosshead
New British folding bikes and very helpful indeed
Unit 12-14 (AMC unit), Minters Industrial Estate, Southwall Road, DEAL, Kent CT14 9PZ
01304 366033
info@crosshead.co.uk


Dahon – see Raleigh, below

Dahon (Spares & Advice)
Direct sales division of Cyclemotion, run by the ever-charming Mark Bickerton
World Wheels is licensed by Dahon Global through Cyclemotion as the official UK and EU Internet Reseller.
E-commerce and pre-delivery inspection for World Wheels are handled by:
CH White & Son, (Dept WW), 51 High Street, Malmesbury, Wiltshire SN16 9AG, United Kingdom
01233 731234
sales@world-wheels.co.uk


Dawes
Badge-engineered Dahon models
35 Tameside Drive, Castle Bromwich, BIRMINGHAM B35 7AG
0121 748 8050
info@dawescycles.com


Decathlon
New to folding bikes, but interesting machines
Canada Water Retail Park, Surrey Quays Road, London SE16
020 7394 2000


Di Blasi
Helpful, but rather grudgingly so
Concept Edge Power Ltd, 12 Field Heath Road, HILLINGDON, Middlesex UB8 3NF
01895 850455
info@conceptedge.co.uk


Fisher
Fisher Outdoor Leisure, 8 Brick Knoll Park, Ashley Road, ST ALBANS AL1 5UG
tel: Fill in webform and ask to be telephoned back
email: Webform


Folding Bikes 4U
Appeared like a mushroom overnight, and seems to have gone just as rapidly


Giant
Much too big and faceless to be helpful
Giant UK Ltd, Charnwood Edge, Syston Road, COSSINGTON, Leics, LE7 4UZ
tel: 0844 245 9030
info@giant-bicycles.co.uk


Halfords
Fairly well known
Larger Halfords stores


Land Rover
Badge-engineered Dahon models
2×2 Worldwide, Unit 6, Hall End Business Park, Dordon, TAMWORTH, Staffs B78 1SX
01827 331099
mail webform: http://www.2x2worldwide.com/Contact2X2.html


Mission Cycles
Always friendly and helpful
Mission Cycles & Components, Unit 3, The Alders, Seven Mile Lane, Mereworth, MAIDSTONE, Kent M18 5JG
01622 815678
info@missioncycles.co.uk


Mobiky
Information from French export manager
UK: Cyclecentric Ltd, 7 Spring Lane, Bottisham, CAMBRIDGE CB25 9BL
01954 789284
info@my-mobiky.co.uk


Montague/Swissbike
Some confusion over who the ‘official’ distributor is
2X2 Worldwide, 27 Wellsbourne Road, WELLSBOURNE, Warwickshire CV35 9JB
01827 331099
sales@montaguefoldingbike.co.uk


Moulton
Cool, but efficient; their website is one of the most uninformative encountered
Alex Moulton Bicycles, Holt Road, BRADFORD-ON-AVON, Wiltshire BA15 1AH
01225 865895
office@alexmoulton.co.uk


Pacific
Seems to have exclusive UK distribution
Fudges, 564-566 Harrow Road, Paddington, LONDON W9 3QH
0208 969 5991

Pashley Moulton TSR
Totally uncommunicative in our experience
Pashley Cycles, Masons Road, Stratford-upon-Avon CV37 6NL
01789 292263
hello@pashley.co.uk

Raleigh
Probably doesn’t know A to B exists – Also an agent for Dahon
Raleigh UK Ltd, Church Street, Eastwood, NOTTINGHAM NG16 3HT
01773 532600

Ridgeback
Primarily badge-engineered Dahon models
Madison Cycles PLC, Burnell House, 8 Stanmore Hill, STANMORE, Middlesex HA7 3BQ
020 8385 3385
customercare@madison.co.uk

Seasure
Sea Sure Ltd, Clock Tower Works, Shore Road, Warsash, Hampshire SO31 9GQ
01489 885 401
sales@sea-sure.co.uk

Sinclair A-Bike
Gone quiet since we tested the A-bike
Mayhem UK Ltd, The Perfume Factory, 140 Wales Farm Road, LONDON W3 6UG
0870 766 8498
sales@a-bike.co.uk

Strida
Bike Republic has taken on the excellent Velorution store
Bike Republic, 91-93 Great Portland Street, Marylebone, London W1W 7NX
0207 148 5572
velorution@bikerepublic.com

Tern
New breakaway Dahon brand
F W Evans Cycles Ltd, Camino Park, James Watt Way, CRAWLEY, West Sussex RH10 9TZ
01580 755633
mark.bickerton@ternbicycles.com (shows as such on website)

Universal Cycles
Probably doesn’t know A to B exists
Festival Leisure Park, BASILDON, Essex SS14 3WB
01268 247007
info@universalcycles.plc.uk

 

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Brompton Raw Lacquer Folding Bike

Folding Bike Buyer’s Guide (UK)

This page ranks folding bikes available in the UK based on our reviews in A to B magazine, and each folding bike is judged by a star system. This can only provide a rough guide, particularly where one rating covers a range of different bikes. You’ll find the best folding bikes at the top of the page and the worst below. At the very bottom is our ‘Dead & Buried’ section, covering bikes formally in the list that have been withdrawn. We hasten to add that many of these are fine machines that just didn’t make it commercially. The list is not comprehensive, but we’ll keep adding to it.

Generally, the arrival of the internet has been positive, pushing folding bike prices down, but it’s also destroyed the rich diversity that was available only a decade or so ago. Specialist machines find it very hard to survive where prices are under such constant pressure, and the result has been a distinct reduction in folding bike variety. Very sad, but inevitable.

Full reviews of most of the folding bikes featured below are available from our back numbers page, but new subscribers can receive all digital issues back to issue 55 (August 2006) for just £2, so it will usually be cheaper to take out a than order several recent back numbers.

Brompton starstarstarStarStar

Price: From £840   Production: 1981 on   Rating: 5/5
Verdict: “Still the best compact folder on the market”

A to B folding bike - BromptonAfter a production run of over a quarter of a century, the Brompton remains the definitive folding bike. Revamped several times, the model range was completely reconstructed in 2005, with two new families – the sporty S-type and touring P-type. With the new bikes came a whole range of new accessories and options, from ball-bearing rollers for the rear rack to lightweight titanium frame parts. Folding the Brompton takes less than 15 seconds to a volume of 85 litres (3 cu ft) and it locks together, so it’s easy to carry. Unique to the Brompton is a range of pricey but effective luggage secured over the front wheel by a quick-release system. Rear suspension deals with the bumps and the small 16-inch wheels make the Brompton very maneuverable through traffic, its natural habitat. It weighs from about 10kg and is currently available with a 3-speed hub; 3-speed hub plus Brompton’s own 2-speed derailleur, producing an effective 6-speed; 2-speed derailleur, or single speed. Primarily a commuter machine, the Brompton can actually be ridden considerable distances thanks to its rear suspension and high-pressure tyres.

Some Brompton models have a rack and dynamo lights, but our tip is to opt for the cheaper, lighter ‘L’ type, plus the front luggage and optional battery lighting set. If you can afford it, the L-X option is lighter still.

Although designed and produced in England, the Brompton has also been built under licence by Neobike in Taiwan for sale in the Pacific rim countries, but this agreement has long been terminated and production wound up. Strangely, if you see a Brompton carrying a Union Jack flag, it will either be one of these early pattern machines, or a more recent pirated copy. It will almost certainly be made in Taiwan or China! Other manufacturers – notably Oyama and Merc – have tried to copy the Brompton, but the results are usually a bit laughable and Brompton has taken legal action to have them destroyed. Recently, reviews elsewhere have questioned the Brompton’s place at the top of the pile, and it’s true that in the last few years the Brompton’s meticulous engineering evolution seems to have been replaced by lifestyle accessories and PR guff, but the bike remains fundamentally in a different league to everything else. The spec of the titanium bikes has recently been downgraded, which is a real shame, and several recent engineering projects have come to nothing, but titanium bits and bobs are now being produced by a Brompton offshoot in Sheffield, and the electric project is back on track and due for release in early 2018 (we have an exclusive road-test in A to B 117). It’s fundamentally such a superb product, we can see no viable challengers for the foreseeable future. More recently, the ‘H’ type bars were introduced for taller people for whom the bike could feel a bit tiddly.

Beware of imitations – see Merc in the ‘Dead & Buried’ section below!

We have numerous road-tests of Brompton models and technical articles. The best way to see all of these is to choose our entire digital back-number archive or subscribe to the Exact Editions digital subscription, which is cheaper, but only gives short-term access to the digitised back-numbers.


Airnimal starstarstarstarNo Star

Price: From £1,499   Production: 2002 on  Rating: 4/5
Verdict: “Superb performance machine”

A to B folding bike - Airnimal Joey Commute

The Airnimal is designed in the UK, but the frame is made somewhere cheaper, so this attractive, low-volume performance folding bike is less expensive than you might think. Like the Bike Friday range, the Airnimal can be quick-folded for the train, or dismantled for long-distance hard-case transport. Airnimal’s special selling points are suspension on some models, and larger (507mm or 520mm) wheels. These are sometimes described as 20-inch, but are actually 24-inch. Tyres are a bit rare in these sizes, but the extra diameter will give a slight performance edge and a bigger bike feel without undue compromise on folding.


Hummingbird starstarstarstarNo Star

Price: From £3,495   Production: 2017 on  Rating: 4/5
Verdict: “Superb performance machine”

This bike might have squeezed into the 5-star zone if it had been cheaper. The company was hoping to sell it for a pricey but manageable £1,500, but it’s ended up rather more than double that.. Never mind. So it’s expensive, it folds rather badly, and it’s only one- or four-speed. What’s the USP? In a word, weight. The development target was 6.5kg, and they’re claiming 6.9kg (presumably single-speed), but it’s still pretty good… almost unequalled in fact. Being light, and quick and easy to fold – albeit into a rather cumbersome package – it makes a perfect hop-on-and-off city bike for the seriously well-heeled.


Tern starstarstarstarNo Star

Price: From £499   Production: 2011 on  Rating: 4/5
Verdict: “The best of Dahon, repackaged”

Tern Verge P18 Folding Bike

When Joshua Hon broke away from his father’s company Dahon in 2011, to set up a younger, slicker outfit, we expected all sorts of exciting things, but the reality has been a very similar range, with the only real difference being in the, er, younger, slicker marketing. At least the range is simpler and easier to understand, with just five frame styles and 22 variants in all, from the 20-inch Verge to the 26-inch Joe. Prices were all over the place while former Dahon dealers were selling off their very similar stock, and in early 2014, there was a great deal of confusion, with 2012, 2013 and 2014 models being sold side-by-side. This was not helped by Tern’s decision to sell the bikes through Evans in the UK, whereas Hon Senior had landed with Raleigh, but Dahon is now with Evans, and Tern is distributed by Moore Large, hopefully to a wider range of local shops.


Dahon starstarstarstarNo Star

Price: From £485  Production: 1982 on  Rating: 4/5
Verdict: “Looking stronger in 2017, with better UK distribution”

A to B folding bike - Dahon Curve

Designed in America, but built in Taiwan, and more recently China and Macau, Dahon produces a range of neat folders, from economical 16-inch (305mm, rather than the bigger 349mm tyre) models to full-size MTBs and 700c road bikes.

In early 2010, a confident Dahon claimed to be the biggest folding bike manufacturer in the world, and it certainly offered the widest range. But within a year, the empire had split apart, with young Joshua Hon leaving to set up Tern, taking the youngest and most able designers and marketeers with him, while his father David stayed at the helm of Dahon. For while it looked as though Dahon wouldn’t survive, but David is made of tough stuff, and he’s been in the business a long time. Dahon signed a UK distribution deal with Raleigh in 2011, giving Dahon access to Raleigh’s huge dealer network, but it seems Dr Hon couldn’t resist the ‘pile ’em high, sell ’em cheap’ ethos at Evans Cycles, and this is now the primary outlet for Daghon in the UK.

Dahons have also been marketed under a variety of brand names in different countries, and this process of ‘Badge Engineering’ continues apace. In the UK, badges include Dawes, Ridgeback and Rudge. Dahon also licenses its technology to affiliated companies such as Yeah bicycles, so very similar looking machines may turn up under different brand names, sold through marine chandlers and other outlets. Dahon’s bikes have also been copied by Neobike.

Ignore the basic 16-inch Dahons, which have smaller (305mm versus 347mm) tyres than the Brompton, Tikit and Mezzo, and no suspension, so rolling resistance is horrible, and they trip up in every pothole. The specification and performance of the larger wheeled Dahons has improved out of all recognition, and they currently produce some of the lightest bikes on the market too. Dahon is best known for its 20-inch (406mm) machines, and there are plenty (some would say too many) to choose from. At the budget end, we’d recommend the Vitesse or Speed, and the elegant Mu SL, which weighs less than 9kg. There are also a number of 26-inch and 700c full-size machines available, including mountain bikes of varying sophistication.
We have numerous road-tests of Dahon models.

A to B tip: You don’t need to buy a Dahon to get a Dahon, because the machines are so widely ‘Badge Engineered’. There are also lots of old stock bargains to be had, and bikes from a year or two ago are often very similar to the latest models. Shop with caution.


Moulton TSR starstarstarstarNo Star

Price: From £995   Rating: 4/5
Verdict: Cheaper Moulton variants built under licence”

A to B folding bike - Moulton TSR2 Demountable
Some years ago, Pashley began producing mass-produced version of the Moulton bicycle, with front and rear suspension, 20-inch wheels and a steel space-frame. This APB (All Purpose Bicycle) was comfortable and rode well, even off-road with the right equipment. But at 13 to 14+kg, it was heavy, and had a solid, frumpy feel that left many owners dissatisfied. It was replaced with the TSR, a lighter, neater and rather upmarket machine, with prices starting at £1,200.
The process has now reached what was perhaps a logical conclusion, with the Pashley badges being removed and the TSRs sold as Moultons through the Moulton distribution network… all possible because Pashley now owns Moulton. Like the ‘proper’ Moultons, the TSR doesn’t fold, although most split in two, which takes a few minutes. These machines are not suitable for regular folding, so don’t expect to undertake daily commuting. Incidentally, the rumour is that the TSR is named after the British jet strike aircraft of the 1960s that promised to outfly the Americans and Russian designs, but was tragically cancelled and scrapped, along with our space project and almost everything else that looked new and exciting. Hope the bicycle doesn’t go the same way. Joking apart, these are lovely bicycles, and cheaper than you might think, but they are knocked down the list by their poor folding abilities. 

We have two reviews of the Moulton APB and one of the Land Rover, but none of the TSR.


Strida Mark 3 starstarstarstarNo Star

Price: From £480  Production: 1987-1992 and 1998 on  Rating: 4/5
Verdict: “Lots of style, and now a surprisingly good performer too”

A to B folding bike - Strida

After six years, the unique Strida returned to the market in 1998 as the Mark 2, but production later moved from Suffolk to Taiwan and the bike was revamped to produce the Mark 3. In China the number four is considered unlucky, so Strida produced the Mini instead, then moved on to the Mark 5. Although rare in Britain, the bikes have been a huge hit in the Far East and it is this success that has funded a gradual process of development of this unique folding bike.
For many years the bike was a single-speed, but you can now buy a two-speed with a Schlumpf crank-mounted gear set, and even a 3-speed – almost certainly the first three-speed, kick-change crank-mounted gear set ever.
Ironically, considering its UK origins, the Strida is hard to find in the UK, but it has developed into a great little bike. Constructed from aluminium and plastic, and weighing less than 10kg, the Strida has drum brakes and an oil-free toothed rubber drive belt for easy maintenance. Folding in ten seconds or even less, this is the ultimate ‘stick’ folder. A much prized fashion accessory for the cyclist with everything, and now re-engineered to perform much better. No, honestly, we rode 10 miles without the slightest problem – it’s now a perfectly practical bike. Folded size has improved too. The maximum dimension is still 113cm, but folding handlebars have cut the folded volume in half, to 130 litres (4.6 cu ft).
We have three road-tests of the Strida.


Giant Halfway starstarstarNo StarNo Star

Price: From £529   Production: 2001 – 2016?  Rating: 3/5
Verdict: “Stylish and practical, but undergeared and heavy.”

A to B folding bike - Giant Halfway

The Halfway is based on a Mike Burrows design, but built in Taiwan by Giant. Despite – or perhaps because of – the monoblade forks, the handling is very safe and secure. Twenty-inch wheels and a rigid alloy frame inspire confidence, particularly for those unfamiliar with small wheels. On the downside, it’s a bit heavy and the gearing is on the low side, but something of a modern classic all the same. The Halfway was joined by the Subway in 2011, a cheaper, more conventional 16-incher of dubious origins, kept hidden firmly under the counter by wise Giant dealers. This nasty little bike was supposed to retail for much the same price as the Halfway, but thankfully was dropped in 2012. The Halfway has been looking a bit old and tired, and production appears to have stopped in 2016, but do correct us if you know otherwise. Well worth buying if you can find one discounted in a dusty corner of your local Giant dealer.

We have one road-test of the Giant Halfway Multispeed.


Birdy starstarstarNo StarNo Star

Price: From £1,170  Production: 1995 on  Rating: 3/5
Verdict: “Unique all-purpose machine, but less attractive than it was”

A to B folding bike - Birdy

The German designed/Taiwanese built Birdy epitomises a new breed of high tech, forward-looking folding bikes. The frame is made of sturdy aluminium and has both front and rear suspension, offering a smooth ride, anti-dive braking and excellent handling. Unfortunately, the UK price is now a little high, thanks to exchange rate thingies. The Birdy was starting to look a bit dated, but has been revitalised with a new monocoque frame on most models. Manufacturer Riese & Muller seems to have given up on the cheap end, and the re are now far fewer bikes, top of the range being the Rohloff, with 3-speed Sturmey transmission… no only joking, 14-speed Rohloff hub transmission. You’ll need a mortgage for that one. The Birdy weighs from 10kg, so it’s reasonably light, but rather overtaken by recent Dahon and Brompton models. Folding takes from about 15 seconds and produces a 190 litre (6.6cu ft) package, but not everyone finds the technique easy. Tyres are 18×1 3/8″ (actually barely larger than 16×1 3/8″) and the available range of tyres are mostly of quite poor quality, although things have improved. There is no specific off-road version of the Birdy, but optional knobbly tyres produce a machine that performs well on tracks and trails. The Birdy sounds a powerful contender on paper, but it’s too finicky for daily commuting and much too expensive.

We have numerous road-tests of Birdy models and two technical articles.


Moulton New Series starstarstarNo StarNo Star

Price: Mentioning the price would be vulgar   Rating: 3/5
Verdict: “At 16mph all you can hear is the ticking of your knee joints”

A to B folding bike - Moulton New Series

The Rolls-Royce or Morgan of cycling, depending on who you believe. Still hand-built in Wiltshire, England, Dr Alex Moulton’s radical space-frame design has stood the test of time in its latest incarnation – the New Series. Front and rear suspension, high-grade components; a bike for the connoisseur. Superbly engineered, the Moulton doesn’t fold, but splits in two like the APB. Moulton produced the first small wheelers, and his latest machines are rightly considered amongst the best in the world. On the other hand, they cost an arm and a leg, and they don’t fold.

We have two road-tests of the older Moulton AM.


Mobiky Genius starstarNo StarNo StarNo Star

Price: From £489   Rating: 2/5   Production: 2003 on
Verdict: “Heavy and expensive, but rides surprisingly well”

A to B folding bike - Mobiky Genius

The Mobiky Genius is a rather elegant French ‘concertina’ folding bike design. Although it uses small 12.25-inch wheels and a double reduction gear to get reasonable gear ratios, the bike actually rides much better than you might expect, thanks to free-running tyres and sensible 3-speed hub gears. So you’ll look dead sexy swishing down the boulevard on your Mobiky, but rather less chic when you fold it. The bike makes a heavy (14.1kg) and rather bulky package. As is so often the case with these compact machines, we’d give it quite an enthusiastic thumbs up if you couldn’t get a Brompton for the same sort of price, but you can.

We have one online review of the Mobiky Genius.


Sinclair A-Bike CitystarNo StarNo StarNo StarNo Star

Price: £699   Rating: 1/5   Verdict: “Fabulous folder, but almost unrideable, now power-assisted”

Ato B folding bike - Sinclair A-Bike

The original A-bike Plus was replaced by the more expensive, and slightly more conventional A-bike City, with improved saddle and slightly larger 8-inch wheels, but dynamically it was not so very different. Our single star is for the fold, which is very neat, and the light weight. The bad news was that the City cost £300, and was almost unrideable – something of a flaw on a bike. We rode ten miles largely on the flat, and taking great care to avoid pot-holes. Others have ridden up the road and back. Some blogger somewhere claims that his wife has ridden a nonchalant 30 miles, which is almost beyond belief, but people do odd things. The company decided to make it more rideable by putting an electric motor in it, which added £400 to the price and made it a lot heavier, but didn’t actually make it much easier to ride. And after a week or two ours shot ball-bearings all over the road and expired. Still, Sir Clive is a smashing bloke, and we look forward to his next invention with trepidation.

We have a free online review of the Sinclair A-bike.

 

 


Dead & Buried Section

Some folding bikes survive for decades, while others are extinguished overnight like shooting stars. This is usually because they are poor folders, poor riders or over-priced, but some manufacturers have been unlucky, and a few bikes have made triumphant returns. As records tend to disappear rather fast in this digital age, we’ve decided to keep this interesting and varied selection of folding failures in this black museum of curiosities. Dates soon get forgotten too, so we’re adding introduction and expiry dates where we can:


Bike Friday starstarstarstarNo Star

Price: No UK outlets at present   Production: 2007-2017
Rating: 4/5   Verdict: “Probably the best high-performance folding bike”

A to B folding bike - Bike Friday Tikit

A high performance 20-inch (406mm) wheel folding bike from Oregon, USA that has competed and toured all over the world. Most models are made to measure, and the best known is the touring/commuting New World Tourist. Over the years Bike Friday has produced a bewildering range, from out-and-out sportsters, through off-road bikes, machines designed primarily for easy transport by air, and even tandems and recumbents. Perhaps wisely, the company has now retracted to its core range. The 16-inch Tikit is an interesting machine, taking the company into Brompton-style commuter territory. It’s a lovely bike to ride, but less practical than the Brompton in terms of folding and luggage carrying and has faded away in the UK, but is still in production.

Lightweight (from 7.3kg upwards), with quality components, most Fridays fold in 15 seconds to a package of 170 – 340 litres (6 – 8 cu ft), and can also be dismantled and packed in a hard case in about 30 minutes. The Tikit is suitable for train/bus commuting, but the other folded packages don’t lock together so are really only suitable for occasional air travellers. Unfortunately, the brand has been completely eclipsed by Airnimal in the UK, so they’re hard to find.

We have a number of road-tests of Bike Friday models and one technical article.


Breezer starNo StarNo StarNo StarNo Star

Price: From £450   Production: ??  Rating: 1/5
Verdict: “Itzy and i3 were poor, but the i7 was worth considering”

A to B folding bikes - Breezer

When big companies put their badge on a folding bike, it’s vital that they choose well from the available machines. US company Breezer made one good decision (the i7) and two rather dubious ones (the itzy and i3). The bikes were actually made by Oyama: The little Itzy had a super-short wheelbase and was not really suitable for carrying a typical North American. The larger i3 was a rather half-hearted Brompton clone, sold in the UK as the Space Genie. OK, but against the Brompton it was completely outclassed. The i7 was a much better machine, with a decent alloy frame, 7-speed Nexus hub and some proper components. However, at $699, it was up against the cracklingly good Dahon Speed Pro and the base level Bike Friday Metro. All the same, the i7 would probably get three or even four stars on its own, but it was dragged down by it’s smaller cousins.

We have one road-test of the Breezer i3 (Oyamao Space Genie).


 Kansi starstarstarNo StarNo Star

Price: From £500   Production: 2011-2015  Rating: 3/5
Verdict: “Appeared overnight”

A to B folding bike - Kansi 1Twenty

Kansi was an entirely artificial creation of Fisher Outdoor Leisure, one time UK Dahon distributor. When Fisher fell out with Dahon it got revenge by introducing its own folder brand, produced by U-bike of Taiwan. There’s nothing wrong with that, of course, and good luck to ’em, but Dahon got the last laugh when the Kansi bikes were all recalled in July 2011 following a couple of frame failures. They were neatly styled machines, with some nice straightforward gear options, but completely lacking in such things as mudguards and lights, and much too expensive for what they were. 


Jango Flik starstarstarNo StarNo Star

Price: From £499   Production: 2011 – ?  Rating: 3/5

A to B folding bike - Jango Flik

An interesting development, but doomed to a short and cheerful commercial life. The Jango folded very quickly – you dropped the saddle stem and the wheels move towards each other, but sadly never actually met. And that’s the basic problem. It was an attractive bike, and nice to ride, if a bit low geared, but a rather disappointing folder. The saving grace was a width of only 27cm with both pedals folded, but the near one metre length and height would count against it on the train, and cause some serious issues on a bus or coach journey. The more expensive ‘V’ models were fitted with Bickerton style ‘V’ shaped handlebars that allow the stem to drop further in the quick ‘Shuttle’ fold, which is supposed to make the machine easier to manoeuvre in airports and railway stations, but the overall folded size was no smaller.

We have one road-test of the Flik T8.


Universal starNo StarNo StarNo StarNo Star

Last Price: From £130   Rating: 1/5   Verdict: “Long established fold-in-half”

The Skoda of folding bikes – the Universal was the cheapest folder available right into the new Millenium, but the Chinese challenge eventually proved overwhelming. Made in Poland, the bike looked like a 1960s-vintage ‘shopper’, which is exactly what it was. It was heavy, it didn’t fold very well or clip together, and the ride and handling were poor. Well equipped, with luggage rack, propstand and bell, the Universal was available in single speed or Sturmey Archer 3-speed variants.

We have one road-test of a Universal. (See back issues)


Merc starNo StarNo StarNo StarNo Star

Last Price: £400   Rating: 1/5   Verdict: “Dysfunctional pirate copy”

The Merc was an attractive Chinese pirated clone of the Brompton, correct in most respects, and apparently upgraded from the classic British bike, thanks to a light alloy frame. The reality was a bike that weighed 13.2kg (heavier than the steel Brompton), on which almost nothing worked properly – the saddle slipped down, the brakes barely functioned, the front carrier block was a bit dodgy, and the cables got in a tangle when you folded it up. Yet it was offered for sale at the ludicrous price of £499.

The Merc briefly attracting a vociferous following who got extremely grumpy about our negative reviews:
‘It’s just as good as a Brompton…’
‘a Brompton rider stopped and offered me money for it…’, etc, etc.
We can only say that these dynamic qualities were not immediately obvious in the bike we tested, and the enthusiasts seem to have gone quiet. No doubt their bikes have fallen to bits. Brompton responded through the courts and ultimately managed to get European stocks destroyed, but they may still pop up worldwide. Certainly worth buying for its novelty value.


Mezzo starstarstarStarNo Star

Last Price: £900-ish  Production: 2004-?  Rating: 4/5
Verdict: “Good idea, early detail problems, but later bikes much improved

Mezzo Folding Bike

When the Mezzo was first shown at the 2004 Cycle show, its sporty good looks and neat engineering promised great things. But the reality with the Nexus hub-geared i4 was a little different, thanks to poor tyres, a poor hub and unambitious gearing. The d9, with a similarly under-geared version of Shimano’s normally delightful 9-speed Capreo derailleur, also proved a bit disappointing, but the bikes was later extensively revised. From July 2010, the rather square original design was joined by a Curve variant in 9-speed spec, and more recently the flagship 10-speed d10 revamped with yet another frame design and improved spec all round. It became a good folding bike, and lookied quite good value against the Brompton too, but was eventually squeezed out of existence by the Brompton’s overwhelming market dominance. A shame, because it’s basically fine.

We have road-tests of the Mezzo i4 and d9.


Giatex starNo StarNo StarNo StarNo Star

Price: Appears to have gone to that great scrapyard in the sky.   Rating: 1/5   Verdict: “Guaranteed to break the ice at parties”

A to B folding bikes - Giatex

A horrible short wheelbase small-wheeled folding bike that folded by, er, telescoping the mainframe. An interesting idea, but it was less stable than a more ‘conventional’ folder, heavier than most, and it folded into a ginormous package. Hence the name, one assumes. Next please!


Gekko starNo StarNo StarNo StarNo Star

Last Price: From £150   Rating: 1/5   Verdict: “Absolutely no redeeming features”

A to B folding bikes - Gekko

We’re too kind – one star is extremely generous. A good idea, but poorly executed in China, resulting in a cumbersome, heavy, over-priced folding bike with tiny wheels, and the rolling resistance of damp putty. We wouldn’t ride this machine if it was the last bike on earth. Seriously, we would walk instead. It seems to be out of production now, but we leave it as an awful warning.

We have one road-test of the Gekko. (See back issues)

 


 Di Blasi starNo StarNo StarNo StarNo Star

Price: From £439   Rating: 1/5   Verdict: “Heavy, undergeared and overpriced”

Di Blasi Folding Bike

A 16-inch Italian folding bike, the Di Blasi R24 is now out of production, but may still pop up new or second hand. Don’t buy it. It folds very quickly (about 12 seconds), but it’s a heavy machine and a horrible lump to ride. It has been replaced by the more practical R22 with 20-inch wheels, but this is still a big, heavy machine compared to the 20-inch Dahons and other more conventional designs, and at £740, it’s much to expensive. The R32 folding trike is an astonishing machine, but even heavier and more expensive. For some reason, the Di Blasi remains popular with the yachting fraternity.

We have one road-test of a Di Blasi trike. (See back numbers)


General advice on TANDEMS and Recumbents

Price: From £1,595 or $1,195   Verdict: “One day, all tandems will be built this way”

Want a tandem, but don’t have room to store it? There is now a range of folding tandems available. The Green Gear (Bike Friday) Family Tandem provides excellent value and can be set up to fit children as well as adults in the stoker position. Unfortunately, the bike is not currently available in the UK.

The Family has small wheels and splits in two, but conventional tandems, such as the Co-motion Co-pilot and the Swallow, can be fitted with S&S stainless steel couplings, allowing the frame to be split into 6 or 8 pieces. Folding is a time-consuming process, but the most compact machines can be carried by train or air in relatively small hard or soft cases. Bike Friday also produce the Two’sDay – a clever, but rather complex small wheeler, and Montague and Redlof produce economical full-size folding machines.

We have two road-tests of folding tandems. (See back issues)

Recumbents

A to B folding bikes - Toxy Flite

The Toxy Flite Folding Recumbent

Tandems are pretty cumbersome, but recumbents are even worse. Partial folding or separable recumbents have been around for some time, and there are now a few innovative folding machines such as the HP Velotechnik Grasshopper,  Toxy Flite, and ICE B1 & B2. There are also several folding recumbent trikes available such as the ICE Sprint 3 and Greenspeed ‘s  GT3. Unfortunately the Brompton recumbent kit is no longer in production.

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Socovel Electric Motorbike

Socovel – first ever electric motorcycle?

Socovel Electric MotorbikeWas the Socovel of 1930s the world’s first electric motorcycle? Probably not, but it was referred to (in faintly dismissive terms) by ‘Nitor’ the pseudonymed columnist of The Motor Cycle in December 1959.

Built in Belgium, the Socovel consisted of a conventional lightweight frame, with three 12-volt batteries (presumably lead-acid) mounted crossways. A 48-volt motor, rated at 2.6hp, was bolted on behind, with power controlled by a twistgrip. It was evidently a success in a small way, with over 1000 made.

The Socovel Road Test

Eager to find out what this was all about, The Motor Cycle imported a Socovel in 1936, and found that it weighed 441lb, nearly half of which was accounted for by the batteries. Performance was less than scintillating, with a cruising speed of 16-20mph. The range proved to be 27.5 miles, though by the end speed had dropped to 10mph or less. As you can imagine, petrolheads at The Motor Cycle weren’t bowled over by any of this, though they were impressed by the Socovel’s hill climbing abilities – it would restart on a 1 in 7 with some wheelspin…

Twenty-odd years later, ‘Nitor,’ writing at a time when men liked nothing more than tinkering with their tappets on a Sunday morning, wasn’t convinced either: ‘It will be a long time yet,’ he opined, ‘before we are robbed of all the fun provided by poppet valves, sparking plugs and chains – and reduced to whiling away maintenance time merely by topping-up some very clever but dull and uninteresting looking fuel cell.’ Ah, how right he was.

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UK bikes on trains travel guide

UK Bikes on TrainsTo find bike carriage restrictions on individual railways and routes see our Bikes on Trains page covering UK bike restrictions on trains, preserved rail, rail-link ferries & buses.

This travel guide gives some general guidance. Before you do anything else, make a note of the BR Rail Fares site. Never buy tickets from a train operator or via a journey planner without shopping around first. Operators cannot be trusted to show all the available tickets, and there are some bargains out there. Look up the fares and conditions here first and check the bike rules on our Bike Restrictions page.

Bikes on Trains – can you insist on carrying your bike on the train?

No. Bicycles are banned on some specific services. According to the ‘National Conditions of Carriage’ by which all train operating companies are bound, the operator can also refuse an item of luggage if:

  • it may cause injury, inconvenience or a nuisance or it may cause damage to property;
  • there is not enough room for it;
  • the loading or unloading may cause delay to trains; or
  • it is not carried or packaged in a suitable manner. It might cause injury or inconvenience or damage to property.

In other words, the operating companies have a number of options to prevent you from taking a bicycle. Rail-replacement buses can cause extra problems. Even if the train company actively welcomes bikes, and you have pre-booked a space on the train, the bus driver is not obliged to carry it. In these circumstances it’s essential to be as conciliatory as you can. In practise, most drivers will help you to stow the bike in the luggage hold if there’s space, but you may need to remove various bits and pieces, and possibly cover the chain. If the bike is refused and it’s too far to cycle, you will be entitled to a ticket refund if the ticket agent had not specifically warned you that a rail-replacement bus would be involved on your journey.

Folding bikes

UK train passengers are permitted to carry three items of luggage free of charge. This can include two large items (such as a folding bike) measuring up to 90cm x 70cm x 30cm and one small item, such as a briefcase or handbag ‘capable of being carried in your lap if required’. As the weight limit for each package is a chunky 50kg, each passenger can carry a compact folding bike, and a substantial pile of luggage for free.

But watch out if traveling with a larger folding bike. In the past, folding bicycles traveled by rail as hand luggage under archaic rules that permitted a package of up to one metre cubed with no dimension exceeding one metre. But this is no longer the case, so folding bikes that exceed the size limit above, may – at the discretion of the operator – be charged for at a fare not exceeding the half fare for the journey. So technically, a larger folding bike may be liable to a penalty when folded, even where it could travel free and without restriction if unfolded! It’s an odd anomaly, and unlikely to be enforced on quieter lines, but watch out at busy times. And watch that 30cm width restriction – if strictly interpreted, it could include such compacts as the Mezzo, and even the Brompton comes very close.

In 2014 National Rail added a restriction on bikes with wheels bigger than 20-inches in diameter. This matters particularly to the relatively small number of owners of Dahons, Bike Fridays and Airnimals with 24-inch wheels. But it might also be a problem for bikes with 20-inch wheels if interpreted to mean the overall diameter, ie of the wheel and tyre.

Interestingly, this is only mentioned in the ‘Bikes on Trains’ leaflet, and the National Conditions of Carriage have not (yet) been updated accordingly. If your big-wheeled folder fits into that crucial 90cm x 70cm x 30cm envelope, you are technically carrying hand luggage, whatever the cycling leaflet says. If a guard’s van is available (very rare these days), the ‘one metre cubed’ rule is extended to 150cm x 150cm x 100cm, but again the luggage may technically be subject to a half fare.

Until the 1990s, folding bicycles were required to be carried in a ‘container or case’. But following the break up of the rail network and the arrival of new compact bikes, this regulation has generally lapsed. Even where it remains in force, the cyclist is now unlikely to be challenged. The only regulation applying across the network is that folding bikes should be completely folded down. However, a bag or cover is still essential when carrying a folding bike on Underground trains (particularly in the central London area) and on buses.

The rules for the carriage of folding bikes on buses (including rail-replacement buses) are slightly different to those for trains. Bus companies leave the bus driver or conductor a great deal of discretion. If a bicycle, or any other large item of luggage, looks likely to inconvenience other passengers, the bus driver will probably refuse to carry it. But drivers tend to be more generous when buses are used in place of trains during engineering works.

Folding bike rules obviously vary a great deal elsewhere in the world. From the feedback we receive, it seems you can safely transport a folding bike just about anywhere by train. But if conventional bikes are banned locally it’s best to be cautious. Once a railway official has made a decision not to allow you aboard, it’s usually an irreversible decision. If in doubt, always fold and cover the bike before entering the station.

Conventional bikes

Not quite so easy. For a brief period in the 1980s, bicycles were welcomed free of charge on most train services. But in the lead-up to rail privatisation, bikes were virtually banned. Fortunately, most of the privatised train companies have shown a more enlightened attitude. All operators are bound by the UK Conditions of Carriage, but cycle policy is left to the individual company. With more than 20 different companies, there are now more than 20 separate rule books covering different parts of the country. Generally, the situation is improving, as the train companies try to attract new business, but the latest generation of trains offer very little space for bikes and as older vehicles are withdrawn, there will be increased pressure on bike spaces.

The good news is that the rules have been liberalised. Since changes in the summer of 2006, the only remaining blanket ban covers scooters, mopeds and motorcycles. This means tandems, trailers and tricycles may well be carried, subject to local conditions. In practise, few train companies are prepared to advertise that they carry tandems or tricycles. But most do, on quiet trains at least.

Electrically-assisted bikes are a fascinating grey area. Our view is that they are very definitely allowed on trains. In the eyes of the law, they are bicycles, and they are not specifically banned on a national basis. (They are not mentioned in the Conditions of Carriage at all). But train operators can instigate local bans. And a guard who has taken a dislike to your machine may rule that it counts as a motorcycle, moped or motor scooter, and ask you to leave the train. If in doubt, be discrete, and take the battery off, thus deactivating the machine.

Some companies require a compulsory bicycle reservation. This is usually free. But if you intend to buy your tickets on the internet, book with one of the (currently five) operators that takes online bicycle bookings: C2c, Hull Trains, Great Western, South Western Railway and Trans-Pennine Express. If you book elsewhere, it may be difficult to match a cycle reservation with a seat reservation at a later date. After many ‘teething problems’, the computerised railway booking system can still be unreliable. In any event, a booking and bike ticket do not guarantee you a space on a given train.

A Code of Practice

Cycle groups have introduced a code of practice for UK rail operators. In brief, the code suggests that Train Operating Companies:

  • Provide customer information in advance of traveling
  • Improve bicycle access to stations
  • Provide parking for bicycles
  • Offer ‘sufficient’ storage space on trains for bicycles
  • Provide at-station information and facilities for cyclists

Operators meeting these objectives are awarded a Cycle Mark, which can be renewed on an annual basis. All cyclists are invited to help provide feedback to the scheme. You can pick up a ‘Passenger Feedback Form’ from: Cycle Mark, 35 King Street, Bristol BS1 4DZ

National Rail Conditions of Carriage

Consult the National Rail Conditions of Carriage (PDF) for the minimum level of service you can expect relating to the carriage of bicycles and large luggage.

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